Study Of Fire In Building Risk Assessment Model

Fire is one that people do not want to lose control of damage by burning. In China, the major malignant frequent fire and explosion, the mechanism of complex and difficult to apply existing methods abroad. The factors such as connection, arrangement and multi-purpose having effect on the building fire which are very complicated actually play different periods of fire. And fuzzy match can solve these problems well. The main present means used in the building fire safety assessment were stated fully and clearly, including their detailed characteristics and range of application. Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation can be more effective to solve the complicacy of the fire assessment than other methods. So we can get such a conclusion that Fuzzy Synthetic can be applied well in the building fire risk assessment. The method of the Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation was studied further in this paper. By using the Fuzzy math theory and fixing the quantity of fuzzy factors, the plan of excellent-notice can be established on basis of comparison. The main steps of steps of fuzzy synthetics evaluation are as follows:(1) make certain factor aggregation. (2) make certain the rank of evaluation. (3) the evaluation of single factor. These are the foundation of multi-factor and multi-level evaluation. The fuzzy relation matrix and the weight matrix are important in the Fuzzy Synthetic valuation.This paper utilizes fuzzy mathematics theory and Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation into the building fire risk assessment. According to the different periods of fire, the assessment model is set up respectively, containing the model when fire starts, the model when fire reports automatically, the model when fire stops automatically, the model when fire stops automatically and the model when fire fighters stop it. The model can be used assess the loss of property and damage of building. And the model to evacuate people safely in the building is finally made certain, which can be used to assess the risk people experienced in the building. By using the research done by experts as a reference, this paper sets up five-independent multi-level assessment element system of fire risk assessment of building and utilizes improved AHP to determine the weight of assessment element, which makes the weight more scientific and reasonable and better reflects the importance of various elements in building safety. The article evaluates fire risks in a department-store of Xi'an and prove the feasibility of the method, which is also identical with the traditional assessment way. On the other hand, fire risks in different periods obtained in assessment reflected the situation of fire in different periods detailed too. And the article get the curve of risk variety in the process of the fire development, it shows that the weakest link, (also the most important factor of the general risk), the excellence of this method is shown. The fire risk is described well by the method which is put forward in this paper. The fore way of Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation is improved. The defect which only assesses the final result but not assess the process is avoided. It is significant for the choosing of the most optimal tactics to lower risks. It can be applied widely in the fire risk assessment of ordinary building.