The Research Of Assessment Methods For The Fire And Explosion Hazard On Board Based Risk

The special characteristics of ships'construction and operating environment together with the increasingly prominent trend of large-scale, automate and high-speed ship have resulted in frequent ship fire and explosion and accidents. Fire and explosion accidents have become one of the major factors threatening the safety of the ship. The traditional research of ship fire and explosion prevention is basically confined to fire detection equipments, fire forecasting methods, and fire extinction methods, while some of the existing related regulations, which are based on traditional research, are no longer adapt to current requirements. Since the 1990s, the risk-based safety assessment has become a new direction in ship safety engineering, while probabilistic risk assessment method has been more and more widely used. From the perspective of risk assessment, this paper mainly studies the fire and explosion hazards identification methods, with a view to provide a basis for decision-making in ship fire and explosion prevention as well as make contribution to the formal safety assessment of ships. The fault tree analysis (FTA) method is selected to identify the fire and explosion hazards on board. First, a detail discussion of the characteristics and application process of fault tree analysis is presented, and some problems that need special attention in the application process are pointed out. Then based on the analysis of the characteristics of both the fire and explosion accidents on board and fault tree analysis method, this paper puts forward a systematic tree-building approach to ensure the fault tree accurately and comprehensively identify the fire and explosion hazards on board.The engine room is an area with high risk of fire and explosion accidents, so this paper analyzes the features of fire and explosion hazards and builds the fire and explosion fault tree of the fuel oil system of the main engine. Then, the corresponding qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis, and basic event importance analysis are carried out. Some corresponding preventive measures are given according to the analysis results.The ammunition compartment is a unique cabin on the military ship, and is also the key area of fire and explosion prevention on board. Therefore, this paper also analyzes the characteristics of the fire and explosion accidents in the ammunition compartment, builds its fire and explosion fault tree, and does the corresponding qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis, and basic event importance analysis. Taking into account the impact of uncertainty of the probability of basic invents on the analysis results, the intuitionistic fuzzy set theory is introduced to the fault tree analysis, which makes the assessment results more accurately reflect the actual situation.Due to the study in this paper, not only an accurate method to identify the fire and explosion hazards on board but also a general perception of the fire and explosion hazards in two typical cabins is acquired. The study in this paper can also be taken as a part of FSA, and is helpful for the following work.