Effects Of Different Cake Fertilizer Quantities On Growth,Yield And Quality Of Flue-Cured Tobacco On Soils Of Different Organic Matter Contents

The effects of Different Cake Fertilizer Quantities on Growth Output and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco on Soils of Different Organic Matter Contents were experimented in Pot and on fields at Yanhe base of agricultural research institue of Yunnan academy of tobacco science Huaning and Nanhua county of Yunnan during 2002-2003. The results at follows:1. The nitric-metabolizing enzyme-NR at different growing stage of cutter leaves and the dynamic laws of nitric compounds were studied by pot experiment about different cake fertilizer quantities . The result showed that: with cake fertilizer quantity increasing, the activity of NR was increased and total nitrogen and nicotine of cutter and upper leaves ascended; but soluble protein descended; It also showed that dissociative amino acid could be increased by cake fertilizer.2. The activity of sucrose-metabolizing enzymes ,such as invertase(Inv), sucrose synthase(SS), and sucrose phosphate syhthase(SPS) in cutters and carbohydrate content in cutters and upper leaves at different growing stages of K326 were experimented in pot by applying different rates of cake fertilizer. The result showed that Inv and SS affected the growth of tobacco leaves at different stages, Inv at metaphase and SS at anaphase. In red sandy-loam soil of Yuxi tobacco growing areas, carbohydrate accumulation of tobacco leaves could be enhanced by 30g cake fertilizer treatment. With the increase of cake fertilizer rates, carbohydrate contents in cutters and upper leaves obviously decreased comparing with those treated with chemical fertilizers.3. The field experiments were carried out at different organic matter content soils at Huaning county, the result showed that: In the soil of organic matter content less 2%, the rate of supper tobacco was raised notabititily and quality was ameliorated by applying cake fertilizer. If organic matter content greater than 2%,the rate of supper tobacco was not raised notobititily by applying cake fertilizer. At present, chemistry fertilizer was applied plentily, organic fertilizer can reform physics capability of soil,create satisfactory association texture, enhance soil microorganicsm activity; in the soil of organic matter content less 2% ,20-30kg/mu cake fertilizer can enhance yield quality and the rate of supper tobacco. If the soil has high organic matter contents (>2%), it should apply less or no cake fertilizer.4. The field experiments were carried out at different organic matter contents soils at Nanhua county, the result showed that: Application of suitable cake fertilizer quantities and chemistry fertilizer can promote upper leaves to spread out, enhance P and K nutrition of flue-cured leaves; The tobacco applied cake fertilizer quantities grows well, the leaves' yellowing and maturity in place, and suitable cake fertilizer can raise yield and value. But the effect of applying cake fertilizer on supper tobacco rate is different .At the two trial fields which organic matter content and available nutrient are low, those treatments' supper tobacco rate was raised apparently, at Shaqiao town, it's organic matter content and available nutrient are high, the supper tobacco rate of every treatment was decreased with raising cake fertilizer quantities excepting N4 treatment. When the soil which organic matter content is less 1.5%, and available nutrient content is less, it can use 10-50kg/mu rotted cake fertilizer. Cake fertilizer belongs to organic fertilizer, it's nutrition releases slowly, the time offering nitrogen is long, if cake fertilizer is used in quantity, it could easily cause deficiency of nitrogen at former stage and supply excess nitrogen at latter stage, so it can result the descent of quality of flue-cured tobacco .So we suggest that if the soil has high organic matter contents and available nutrient, it should applied less or no cake fertilizer.