Study On The Partal Meat Quality Traits Of Growing Gushi Chickens

By means of measuring the meat quality and some other index of Gushi chickens at different stages, this experiment aimed to research the dynamic change of meat flavor etc. some indexes during the growing course of Gushi chickens and find out its change rule, discuss their mutual linkage on histology, conventional chemistry components, physic and parameter in order to make base for nutrition control and genetical improvement of meat flavor. Two groups (male,femal)were divided in this experiment, experimental male chicks were 200and divided into 4 replicate groups randomly, 50 in each group, they were I ii iii vi replicate group ,respectively. Experimental female chicks were 200,and randomly divided into 4 replicate group ,50in each group and they were 5 6 7 8replicate group respectively. Randomly slaughtered 4healthy experimental chicks in each replicate group when at the 4th,8th, 12^th, 16^th week and collected chest meat and leg meat sealed them, cooled them in liquid nitrogen then put them into -80℃ refrigerator preserved. Histological samples after slaughter were put into 20% nitricacid for digestion in order to measure diameter of muscle fiber by coating slide method. The samples also put into 10 % formaldehyde solution for fixation in order to use as wax slide samples.Experimental results as follow: 1 Diameter of different week-age muscle fiber changed obviously, and took on increase trend on the whole. Diameter of muscle fiber of male chest muscle. leg muscle and female chest muscle, leg muscle at different week age increased obviously, except 8 12week, male chest muscle had to significant difference(p>0.05),male leg muscle differed significantly(0.01male leg muscle>female leg muscle; content of dry matter in chest muscle was higher than that in leg muscle, the part significantly influenced the content of dry matter, sex had no significant influence on that 5 No matter what sex and part, the content of intramusculat fat gradually decreased with the increase of week age and took on lineally gradual decrease;the decreasing extent in turn was :male leg muscle>female leg muscle>male chest muscle>female chest muscle, and the decreasing extent of intramuscular fat in male was deeper than that in femal;the extent in leg muscle was deeper than that in chest muscle and the difference was significant, part had influence on content of intramuscular fat; the content of intramuscular fat in female leg muscle was higher than that in male leg muscle, and the difference was significant, the content of intramuscular fat in male chest muscle was higher than that in male chest muscle but difference was not significant, so sex had influence on content of intramuscular fat in leg muscle and had certain influence on chest intramuscular fat. 6 The content o matter—soluble protein in Gushi chicken muscle gradually increased with the increase of week age. The change of the content of water—soluble protein in leg muscle took on one—item—two—square equation curve during the 4—16 week, the content of water—soluble protein change slowly after the 8th week; the change of the content of water-soluble protein in chest muscle took on linear increase during 4-16 weeLNamely, after the 8th week,the content of muscular plasm protein in increased slowly,whereas that in chest muscle rook on linear increase. Sex had a little influence on content of water -soluble protein in Gushi chicken muscle,different part had influence on the content and the differences were significant(p<0.05). 7. The content of salt—soluble protein gradually decreasedwith the increase of week age and took on linear decrease.the decreasing extent of the content of salt—soluble protein were different in different sex and part, the fastest was in leg muscle of Gushi chickens, next was in female chest muscle of Gushi chickens, then was in female leg muscle, the slowest was in male chest muscle of Gushi chickens. The content of salt—soluble protein in leg muscle was higher than that in chest muscle and the difference was significant(p<0.05),part had significant influence on the content; sex had a little influence on the content. 8. The change of relative content of c 14:0 fat acid in male muscle with week age was different with that in female muscle, in male muscle , the relative content of cl4:0 fat acid increased gradually during 4—12 week ,and begun to decrease after the 12 week; in female muscle,it increased consistenly during 4¹6 week, the change of the relative content of cl4:0 fat acid in muscle was toughly similar,the relative content during 4-12 week increased consistently in male leg and chest muscle,and begun to decrease after the 12th week;the content in female leg and chest muscle during 4¹6 week always increased consistently .In male muscle ,the relative content of cl4:0 fat acid was affected by part, while in female muscle,part had significant influence on it(p<0.05);sex had certain influence on the relative content of cl4:0 fat acid in leg muscle;but the influence on that in chest muscle was not significant(p<0.05). 9. At the begging period, the relative content of cl6:0 fat acid in male leg muscle and female muscle took on decrease firstly, then increase, in male leg muscle it decrease after decreased, in female leg muscle ,it decreased at the 12th week.when sex was same,part had significant influence on the relative content of cl6:0 fat acid in Gushi chicken muscle(p<0.05); when part was same, sex had no influence on it(p>0.05). 10 At the first growing period, the relative content of cl6:l fat acid decreased ,in male leg muscle, it always decreased during 4¹6 week; in male chest muscle it begun to increase after the 12th week,it got the least at the 8th week in female leg muscle,then it increased till the new highest came out at the 12th week,but the new highest was lower than that at the 4th week,subsequently it decreased. The relative content of cl6:l fat acid in female chest muscle begun to increase gradually at the 8th week. Part had significant influence on it(p<0.05);sex had no significant influence on it(p>0.05) .11 The relative content of cl8:0 fat acid in male leg muscle of Gushi chickens increased gradually, it increased at primary period in female leg muscle then gradually increased after the 8th week,except for some what increase during 8-12 weeks in female chest muscle,it took on decrease totally. For mal, part had significantinfluence on cl8:0fat acid before the 8th week(p<0.05), part had no significant influence on it before the 12th week(p<0.05), sex had no significant influence on it chest muscle (p>0.05),but had certain influence on it in leg muscle. 12 The relative content of cl8:l fat acid in Gushi chicken muscle decreased consistently at the primary period of growing, thereafter it increased gradually, the relative content of cl8:l fat acid in male leg muscle and female leg muscle changed similarly, the change was also similar in male chest muscle and female chest muscle. Different muscle part had certain influence on it , even the influence was significant at some period (p<0.05) .Sex had influence on it in leg muscle, and most of the time the influence was significant(p<0.05), while sex had certain influence on it in chest muscle of Gushhi chickens, the influence was significant at some period(p<0.05) .13 Excepted that the relative content of c 18:2 fat acid in GUshi chicken muscle decreased firstly, and then increased in female leg muscle.Part had significant influence on it in male muscle but the influence was not significant at primary period(before 4 week)(p<0.05), for female muscle ,the part had certain influence and at some period ,the influence got significant (P<0.05);sex had a little influence on it (P>0.05). 14 The relative content of cl8:3 fat acid in male muscle and female leg muscle of Gushi chickens took on decreasing trend totally, it firstly decreased then increased in female chest muscle; at the same period, the relative content in leg muscle was higher than that in chest muscle. Part had certain influence on it and sometime got to significant level(p<0.05); sex had influence on it but could not get to significant level(P>0.05). 15 The relative content of saturated fat acid in male chest muscle gradually increased during the 4—12 week, it decreased during the 12-16 week; it gradually increased in male leg muscle with the increase of week age; it totally took on decreasing trend in female chest muscle with increase of week age, but it had some increase at the 12th week; it gradually increased in female leg muscle with increase of week age. The relative content of unsaturated fat acid in male chest muscle increased during 8¹2 week, and at rest of period, it decreased ; in male chest muscle it got the least at the 8th week, thereafter it gradually increased; in female leg muscle ,it gradually increased during the 4-8 week, after the 8th week, it decreased slowly; in female chest muscle, it took on decreasing trend during the 4-12 week; after the 12th week it increased rapidly. The relative content of saturated fat acid and unsaturated fat acid in Gushi chicken muscle at close weeks during growing course had no significant difference ,this showed that growing time had no significant on the content of fat acid; No matter...