Breeding Of New Maize Variety Fudan No.2 And Its High-yielding Cultivation Techniques

In this paper, the present situation of maize production was analyzed, the maize breeding objectives including the medium maturity, medium stem, bigger fruit ear, more maize row number, high productivity per plant, better quality, medium-hard kernel, high disease resistance and lodging resistance was put forward, the field experiments on cultivation technique and seed production technique for FuDan No.2 which bred by using the heterotic pattern "local variety×foreign variety" were carried out, the key problems about maize breeding at present were discussed.1 The breeding of Fudan No.2Based on the intensive analysis of the present situation of maize production and the model of maize heterosis utilization, the breeding purpose which adapt to Hunan province and Wuling mountain area was determined. Through screening, improving the excellent local variety resources and the foreign cultivar, we bred the excellent maize inbred lines 165 and E538 by using the second cycle method. The new variety Fudan No.2 is bred by E538 (female) and 165(male) which has been examined and approved by Hunan province in March 2010.2 The comprehensive performance of Fudan No.2Fudan No.2 performs high and stable production, the average output ranked as first and increased by 12.31% compared with Linao No.1(as a comparison) in the maize regional experiment of Hunan province in 2008-2009 and by 13.93% compared with Linao No.1 in the production test of 2009 in Hunan province. In the maize regional experiment of South-West in 2009, its average output ranked as first and increased by 10.66% compared with Yudan No.8(as a comparison). Its bulk density, crude protein content, crude fat content, crude starch content and lysine content are 756g/ L,10.71%,4.43%,68.91% and 0.30%, respectively. Comprehensive quality of Fudan No.2 is good. Fudan No.2 had very good resistance to maize leaf spot disease, medium resistance to corn stalk rot and sheath blight and good resistance to lodging Its plant height, ear position height are in the middle, the upper leaves are compact and the lower leaves are lanceolate,the stem of Fudan No.2 are thick, it has well developed root system, big ear, high seed set, moderate mature period and strong adaptability, its comprehensive characters are good.3 The Cultivation Technique of Fudan No.2 On the basis of moderate soil fertility, the good planting density and the amount of properly using fertilization over 8699.4kg/hm2 of Fudan No.2 are 48318-49974/mu and N(pure nitrogen)381.9-412.5kg/hm2,P2O5 99.3～115.95kg/hm2,K2O 247.5～280.95kg/hm2.4 The seed production techniques of Fudan No.2The Northwest of China is suitable for hybrid seed production of Fudan No.2, the suitable ratio between parental lines is 1:5, the density of maternal line is 67500-75000/ hm2, Male parent should be sowed 16 days later than female parent in the first phase, than the second phase male parent should be sowed 5 days later, the ratio between two male parent lines is 7:3.