Studies On The Anther Culture Of Potato

Thirty three genotypes of potato were used to study the effects of factors on brown anthers, callus yield and embryoid induction in the orthogonal array of L₃₂(8¹Ã—4⁸), including Kexin 13, Ke 9723-20 and Ne 16.The results were as follows:1. The color and size of potato anther could be used as reliable indexes to judge the microspore growth stage. It was in the mononuclear-side stage for most genotypes when anther color was yellow-green and 0.4 cm in size.2. The response of anther to culture was genotype dependent. Active carbon, AgNO3, inoculation density and carbon source had significant impact on anther brown rate, ranking as active carbon > AgNO3 > inoculation density > carbon source. Inoculation density,phytohormone, active carbon and so on played significant roles in callus induction, ranking in inoculation density > phytohormone > active carbon > carbon source > heat shock treatment > AgNO3.3. There was significant difference in anther response to culture in different genotypes. Obvious difference was observed in 33 genotypes inoculated for brown rate, callus induction, and embroyoid yield. Anthers of Ne 16 and Bo C were easy to be induced into embryoids, with 13.88% and 2.26%, respectively. E 8 had a rate of callus induction of 32.61%. However, most of genotypes had a very low callus induction rate.4. Phytohormone played an important role in potato anther culture. The medium added with 0.5 mg/LNAA, 1.0 mg/L2,4-D and 0.5 mg/LKT was suitable for the formation of callus and embryoid.5. Anthers were treated with heat shock 72 h respectively, and the callus induction rate and embryoid induction rate were both increased with the increase in treatment time. Inoculation density could affect the anther brown rate, and the optimal inoculation density was 40 anther/bottle.6. Medium added with 30 mg/L AgNO3 and 200 mg/L active charcoal could reduce the anther brown rate effectively.7. Potato extracts could increase embryoid induction rate and the suitable concentration was 50g/L. As a carbon source, maltose was more effective than sucrose on the callus induction.