Research Of Minerals And Microbe Combined Fermentation For Detoxification Of Gossypol In Cottonseed Hull

Study effects of FeSO₄, CuSO₄, ZnSO₄, MnSO₄, CaO and beneficial microbe on the reduction of free gossypol levels during combined fermentation of Cottonseed hull, and to determine the gossypol content.then reorganize the higest reduction groups together to ferment cottonseed hull to find out the best combination group. Ferment a large number of cottonseed hull and determine the degradation of the fermented cottonseed hull and unfermented cottonseed hull in the rumen by nylon. Feeding experiments is used to study effects of detoxified Cottonseed hull on milk yield and quality of milk.Experiment one:different levels of FeSO₄,CuSO₄,ZnSO₄,MnSO₄,CaO combined with beneficial microbe mainly composed of lactic acid bacteria and yeast bacteria to ferment and detoxify free gossypol of Cottonseed hull. results showed that the mineral elements added groups have higter detoxification rate, and adding FeSO₄ (1500ppm) group had the highest detoxification rate which is 88%, significantly higher than the other groups,and other groups were:Cu²⁺(1000ppm),Zn²⁺(500ppm),Mn²⁺(500ppm) and Ca²⁺(0.2%),and the detoxification rate were:84+3.43%,87+3.03%,86+2.49%and 87+2.85% respectively.different levels of the same element showed different effects.Adding FeSO₄(1000 ppm)group had the most viable bacteria, reaching 40 CFU/g. Crude protein(CP)content were enhanced by 1～2% respectively .Experiment two:on the base of experiment one,selected Fe²⁺(1500ppm),Cu²⁺(1000 ppm),Zn²⁺(500 ppm),Mn²⁺(500ppm)and Ca²⁺(0.2%)whose detoxification rate were 88+2.13%,84+3.43%,87+3.03%,86+2.49% and 87+2.85%respectively to combine with beneficial microbe mainly composed of lactic acid bacteria and yeast bacteria to ferment and detoxify free gossypol of cottonseed hull, and to preliminary study effect of minerals and microbes on detoxification during fermentation, results showed that combining with the highest detoxification rate groups to detoxify free gossypol did not have superposition effects, the detoxification rate was below Fe²⁺(1500ppm), Zn²⁺(500ppm) and Ca²⁺(0.2%) groups.Experiment three:from the experiment one and experiment two , the results can be seen, beneficial microbe and Fe²⁺(1500ppm)to detoxify the free gossypol of Cottonseed hull had the best effect.Therefore,we weighed up 500 kilograms of cottonseed hulls, adding Fe²⁺(1500ppm),0.3% beneficial bacteria,5% byproduct, 0.4% urea, 0.3% corn flour and 60% water and mixed together, sealed and large fermented,to study the feasibility of fermentation. The results showed that the rate of detoxification after fermentation was 88%, and to enhance the crude protein (CP) by 1.35%. microbial cells reached 14.0 CFU,the fermentation method entirely feasible under actual production conditions.Experiment four:using three healthy Holstein with rumen fistula to determine the degradability of dry matter (DM),crude protein (CP),neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) of the Cottonseed hull and fermented Cottonseed hull in the rumen. The results showed that degradability of DM,CP,NDF and ADF of the fermented Cottonseed hull in the rumen were 27.80%,65.9%,28.0%and 24.0%respectively, the degradability of DM and CP significantly higher than unfermented Cottonseed (p<0.01),and the degradability of NDF and ADF had no significantly difference during the degradable time .Experiment five: select eight healthy Holstein with the same embryo,body weight, milk production, and use simple method to divide the cattle into test and control groups, each group has eight cows, pre-experienment period was 10 days, experienment period was 21 days. after 10 days, measured the output of milk, milk fat,milk protein , non- lipid solid material, dry matter, and did comparative analysis. Results showed that cows milk fat, milk protein, milk fat and Solid of Non-Fatty were enhanced, milk yield was enhanced significantly(P<0.05).