Study On Field Cultivation, Nutrition Evaluation And Submerged Fermentation Of Lepista Sordida

Lepista sordida is a kind of edible and medicinal mushroom. There is very few study on Lepista sordida at present, only concerning some surveys about the wild resource, for example, the preliminary researches on the biological habit and domesticated culture of Lepista sordida have been done, but the researches on field cultivation, nutrition evaluation, submerged fermentation and esterase isozyme of Lepista sordida have not been reported yet.This thesis carries on comparatively systematic contrast between wild and domesticated Lepista sordida, makes detailed experiments upon field cultivation, nutrition evaluation, submerged and esterase isozyme to offer scientific research basis on research and developing Lepista sordida, this thesis has done the following researches:1. Wild and domesticated Lepista sordida were contrasted from morphology about the average diameter and thickness of pileus, the average length and thickness of stipe, the data reach significance of difference, the domesticated Lepista sordida was thicker and bigger than wild Lepista sordida generally. In Lepista sordida species separation, mycelia grow strong in CPDA, The average of speed in mycelia was 0.28cm/d at 24℃.2. The optimum medium of mother spawn was screened, which is composed of sawdust78%, sucrose3%, corn flour10%, bean cake5%, CaCO32%, CaO1%, KH2PO40.5%, CaSO40.5%. Yield of Lepista sordida fruiting body were increased dramatically through fertilizing Basic fertilizer: Ca, Mg, P fertilizer 250g/m2, carbamide 50g/m2, KH2PO4 20g/m2 in substitute cultivation, biological efficiency can be up to 14%.3. The contents of 18 kinds of amino acid were 25.70% in fruiting body, 26.00% in mycelia.The contents of crude protein were 33.0% in fruiting body, 34.41% in mycelia. The first limiting amino acid with Amino acid score (AAS) was Val: 60.0 in fruiting body and Met+Cys: 54.3 in mycelia, Chemical score(CS) was Val: 70.7 in fruiting body and Cys:30.5 in mycelia. The fruiting body of Lepista sordida was rich of all kinds of mineral elements,the contents of Ca,Cu were 1834mg/kg,109mg/kg, respectively,were contained some necessary microelements,for example, Zn:107, Se:0.28, Ge:0.26.The contents of Pb,Hg,As achieved the healthy criterion of edible mushroom.The optimal determined conditions with trehalose were water temper- ature:100℃,water volue:100mL,extracted time:60min. The content of trehalose was 8.34% which is higher than general mushroom, polysaccharide content was 10.31 %. The moisture content of fresh fruiting body was 91.58%,fat content was 3.15%.4. The best carbon source with wet biomass cultured was potato meal or glucose, the excellent carbon source with dry biomass was potato meal; the best nitrogen source was NH4Cl;the appropriate pH was 7.0; the suitable trace element was FeSO4;the appropriate days of fungus: 8d～12d in single factor experiment.The results of optimal conditions with orthogonal experiment for submerged fermentation culture showed that the best carbon sources was glucose2g/100mL,the excellent nitrogen source was NH4Cl0.4g/100mL;the appropriate pH was 7.0; the suitable trace element was FeSO41.5×10-4g/100mL;days of fungus: 8d in wet biomass; the best carbon sources was potato meal2g/100mL,the excellent nitrogen source was NH4Cl 0.4g/100mL;the appropriate pH was 7.0; the suitable trace element was FeSO4 1.5×10-4g/100mL;days of fungus: 8d in dry biomass. Main constituents of fermentation secondary metabolites were found to be 5-Chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid, 2,6-Dichlorophenylisothiocyanate, 1-Decanol, 2-Chloro-4,5-dimethoxybenzald- ehyde, Benzenemethanol, Geranic acid, 1,2-Benzendicarboxylic acid, Pyrrolo[1,2-α]- pyrazine-1,4-dione, Cyclo-(1-leucyl-1-phenylalanyl) by GC-MS.5.The results showed that the bands of esterase isozyme keep the same in 7 kinds of buffer at same sample, but the effect was difference, the best buffer was pH=8.0, 0.1M Tris-HCl. The number of bands was five in liquid mycelia, test tube mycelia, pileus of domesticated Lepista sordida, but was three in pileus and stipe of wild Lepista sordida,so the medium,condition cultured,materials must maintain the same to identify liquid fungus with esterase isozyme.