The Quality Evaluation Of Flue-cured Tobacco In Different Areas Of Henan Province

From 2005 to 2006,the quality of 403 flue-cured tobacco samples collected from different areas of Henan Province was evaluated by the methods of variance analysis,cluster analysis,principal compopent analysis and fuzzy synthetic evaluation.The appearance quality,physical properties,chemcical components, sensory quality and synthetic evaluation were included in this paper,and the main results were as follows:1 The appearance quality evaluation of flue-cured tobacco in different areas of HenanAccording to the qualitative and quantitative analysis,most of the samples had high appearance quality,some were in low level.The variation of the indexes was highly significant at 0.01 level between different areas except the two-face color difference. The cluster analysis based on the total scores showed that the samples could be classified into 3 types.The first type including Shangqiu and Pingdingshan had general quality,the second had better quality,including Sanmenxia,Luoyang, Zhengzhou and Xuchang,the third had best quality,including Xinyang,Zhoukou, Zhumadian,Jiyuan,Nanyang and Luohe.2 The physical properties evaluation of flue-cured tobacco in different areas of HenanAfter the annlysis,the proportion in optimum range of every physical properties index was lower,especially for the stem ratio and equilibrium moisture content,there were only 27%and 31%samples in the suitable range.The proportion of the samples' weight-per-leaf that in optimum range was 60%,which was higher than the others. The variation was not significant at 0.05 level for the weight-per-leaf.However,the variation was significant at 0.05 level for the filling power and highly significant at 0.01 level for the thickness,breaking stress,stem ratio,weight per-unit-leaf-area and equilibrium moisture content,which indicated that the physical properties of flue-cured tobacco had distinct divergence between different areas.According to the fuzzy synthetic evaluation,the integrated index of 403 flue-cured tobacco samples collected from Henan Province ranged from 0.265 to 0.924,with the mean of 0.591 and the coefficient variation of 18.15%.According to the integrated score,all the samples could be classified into five grades,the proportion above medium was 97.22%.The cluster analysis based on the integrated score indicated that: Zhengzhou,Luohe and Xinyang belonged to the first type which had the low score, Xuchang,Nanyang,Zhumadian,Pingdingshan,Zhoukou,Shangqiu and Luoyang belonged to the second type which had the medium score,Sanmenxia and Jiyuan belonged to the third type which had the high score.3 The chemcical components evaluation of flue-cured tobacco in different areas of HenanThe statistical analysis of the regular chemical components indicated that the contents of total sugar,reducing sugar and K were highly beyond the optimum range. Most of the samples had the higher content of total sugar and reducing sugar,only a few were lower.The content of K was lower in all the samples.There existed highly significant difference for content of neoplytadiene,carotenoids, phenylalanines,cembranenoids,browing reaction products and neutral aroma components among different areas.The cluster analysis based on the total amount of neutral aroma components(except neoplytadiene)showed that the tobacco-growing areas could be classified into 3 types:(1)The total amount of neutral aroma components of tobacco leaves in Luoyang,Shangqiu,Jiyuan,Zhengzhou and Nanyang was between 169.48μg/g and 189.44μg/g,which was lower than the others.(2)The total amount of neutral aroma components of tobacco leaves in Pingdingshan, Sanmenxia,Xuchang,and Luohe was between 237.66μg/g and 251.73μg/g,which was media.(3)Zhumadian,Xinyang and Zhoukou's were the highest in the three types.The variation between different areas was significant at 0.05 level for the content of P,Cu and highly significant at 0.01 level for the content of Ca,Mg,B,Mn and Zn. However,the variation was not significant at 0.05 level for the content of Fe.The method of fuzzy synthetic evaluation was employed to calculate the integrated score of each tobacco samples.According to the integrated score,all the samples could be classified into five grades,and the proportion above medium was 94.20%.The cluster analysis based on the integrated score indicated that:Sanmenxia and Zhengzhou belonged to the first type which had the low score,Pingdingshan,Jiyuan, Xuchang,Luoyang,Nanyang and Shangqiu belonged to the second type which had the medium score,Xinyang,Zhoukou,Luohe and Zhumadian belonged to the third type which had the high score.4 The sensory quality evaluation of flue-cured tobacco in different areas of Henan According to the qualitative and quantitative analysis,most of the samples were at the higher and medium level,and the proportion was 35.09%and 34.0%.The smoking total scores of tobacco leaves ranged from 55.11 to 75.55,with the mean of 69.38.The variation between different areas was significant at 0.05 level for the quality of aroma and total scores,and was highly significant at 0.01 level for the volume of aroma,taste concentration and irritancy.However,the variation was not significant at 0.05 level for the offensive odor,physiological strength,after-taste,combustibility and ash color.5 The synthetic evaluation of flue-cured tobacco in different areas of HenanThe synthetic evaluation results showed that the average of synthetical scores was 0.608+0.063(CV=10.39%).There were 38 tobacco-growing counties whose synthetical scores were above 0.60,and they were distributed throughout the 12 tobacco-growing areas.The results of the cluster analysis to synthetical scores in Henan was five types.