Study On The Relations Between Adzuki Bean Complete Flower Bud Differentiation And Flower Pod Formation And Abscission

The experiment was conducted in the Plant Specimen Garden of AUH in 2006～2007. Early～maturing variety adzuki bean Jihong～8937 was selected as the experiment material and observations were made indoors and in the fields to study the speed difference of differentiation between the florets of different nodes but same floret positions and those of same nodes but different floret positions and to study the relationship between flower pods' formation and their abscission. The results are as the follows:1. There is course of flower bud differentiation and the blade number of host stem. Flower bud differentiation starts on the ninth days after budding. Hypertrophy axillary buds primordium first appears on host stem and the first and the second nodal segments of the armpit of the first one～level branches. In the first stage of floret primordium's formation there are 4～5 pieces of multiple leaves and visible branches appear when floret comes to its stage of the differentiation of pistil and stamen primordium. The host stem node has not sealed the top when the flower organ accomplish. Dissect stem top It can be seen that the primitive body of ternate compound leaf.2. The order of blossom and abscission is connected with the order of flower bud appearing. Order of the Floret first appearances in different branching of the main stem follow the law from central location of knots to top and bottom from inside to outside.For the one～level inflorescence of host stem, the flower buds of different node positions but same floret positions differentiate from bottom to top. The one～level branches on the same segment differentiate from interior to exterior. From the first appearing of floret primordium, according to the time order of the floret primordium appearing, the first floret experiences different time and eventually comes to its blossom. The blossom continues following the order of the floret primordium's first appearing. The abscission order follows the law that earlier ones fall first and later ones behind.3. The floret differentiation of different node positions and same floret positions shows great regularity. The growth begin period of the florets on the neighboring two node positions and the same floret positions differs by 1～3 days. The growth begin period of the florets of Adjacent branches, same node positions and same floret positions differs by 3～5 days. The same order festival two neighboring flower calyx florets growth initial period of difference between 0.5～1 days.4. On the one～level branch and different node positions, from bottom to top, the floret differentiation speed follows the slow～quick～slow law. The node positions on the bottom and the top branches experience the longest time, while the 7～9 node positions in the middle experience the shortest. For the one～level inflorescence of host stem, the floret differentiation speed of different node positions and same floret positions gradually increases as the node positions increase. The higher the node positions become, the less time the floret differentiation experiences. Floret differentiations slow, with a high rate of bud falling and assured source of life pod; differentiations fast, with a high rate of falling flower.5. There is a great difference among the calyx growth rate in each floret. From the beginning of Corolla differentiation, the same branching same flower calyx, the floret which has a slower growth speed of calyx in the front section of knots compared with the back section of knots, although anther turns yellow, it can not open.6. The appearance of floret primordium base marks the beginning of floret differentiation, the earlier floret primordium base appears, the more the formed flowers become flower pod and mature normally. The later floret primordium base appears , most of the formation of flowers is invalid.7. Days experienced by the growth of the florets on the same inflorescence and different nodes show a decreasing tendency. The quantity of the flower pods reduce with the sequence of acceleration of the floret growth speed in the same inflorescence unlike order festival. In the early growth, there is a trend that the top floret comes up with the low floret, if it can not keep up with in a certain period, the growth speed will slow down or stalled. The stalled floret in top festival place stays in the period of calyx primordium base, floret primordium base or floret order festival bracts. Floret degradation peak is about 12 days before flowering.8. There is a flower bud in each axillary of host stem branching diversity festival place of Adzuki bean, in the main bracts of the flower bud, part of them form axillary bud, the growth of this bracts axillary bud will have two results: mixed bud or flower buds. The quantity of the bracts axillary bud flower bud now, blooms is obviously more than forms pod quantity.