| Taking the eight different genotype peppers from three types as test materials, the relation between the development stage of anther and its external morphology, the several main factors affected the callus-forming during unfertilized ovary of pepper cultured in vitro and their seedings induction from callus were systematically studied,The results showed as follows:1. Oberserving the proportion of light purple on the front and negative sides of the pepper anther was used as a simple and reliable method to indirectly judge the anther development stage.The result of the experiment on the different ovary developmental stages showed that the developmental stage of the megaspore for their ovary in vitro cultuerd had variable specificity, and the the relation between developmental stage of megaspore and microspore was correlated.2.The experiment on the effect of the three disinfection methods of flower bud on the ovary contamination ratio showed that the 70% alcohol soaked 30 s and then 0.1% mercuric chloride 7 min was the best disinfection method of disinfection for pepper flower bud,which can limit the contamination ratio to 17%.3. MS was the best ovary-origined callus induced medium among the three common used medium, B5,MS and N6.4.The culture effects and the callus induction ration of different genotype pepper ovary on the different culture medium were different.Among the eight varieties pepper,the highest calus induction ratio was No.8 of LaYou at 25%,the lowest one was No.1 of YongChun,which was only 12%.5.There was a significant positive correlation between callus induction ration and ovary incubation density in a certain range during pepper ovary culture.When ovary incubation density reached a certain threshold value,the callus induction ratio could be significantly improved,and the suitable incubation density was 4 ovary per erlenmeyer flask of 125 mL capacity with 30 mL solid medium.6.The 0～4℃low temperature pretreatment about 1～7d was beneficial to the forming flower bud origined callus,among which, the best treatment time was 3～5d; The 32℃heat shock treatment of short term about 12～60h after incubation was also beneficial to the forming of ovary origined callus, when the treatment time was much more than 60h, inhibition effect on the callus forming was appeared; The effect of single heat shock treatment was a little better than the single low temperature treatment.The difference between the effect of the combination of the two treatments and heat shock treatment was not significant.7.The effect of active carbon on the forming of ovary callus was not obvious.The efficiency between sucrous and maltose during the forming of ovary callus was not found though they are carbohydrates with different nature.8.When the BA concentration in the range of 0.8～1.6mg/L,the difference of the induction ratio of anther origined callus was not significant,while the the BA concentration excced 2mg/L,the forming of ovary callus was inhibited; However, it was beneficial to the callus-forming as the NAA was added, The optimal callus inducing medium is: MS + 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D + 1.0 mg/L 6-BA.9.It was beneficial for the induction of adventitious bud origined from ovary callus. When the IAA concentration was 1mg/L and the BA concentration was 2mg/L, the bud differentiation frequence was 38.89%.The best medium for the adventitious bud elongation is: MS + 0.8 mg/L IAA + 2.0mg/L 6-BA + 2.0mg/L GA3 + 4.0 mg/L AgNO3. MS+NAA 0.5mg/L was the best medium for the root induction.
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