Ecological And Genetic Diversity Of Tricholoma Matsutake In West Plateu In Sichuan Province

In this paper, a total of 32 Tricholoma matsutake samples were collected from Jiulong, Danba, Xiaojin, Yajiang, Litang, Daocheng and Xiangcheng counties, where is the main growth area of Tricholoma matsutake in the southwestern pateau in Sichuan province, and the ecological and resource condition of Matsutake was investigated. By using RAPD, ITS RFLP and ITS sequence analysis techniques, the genetic diversity and phylogeny of these Tricholoma matsutake strains was analyzed. The following results were obtained:All evidences suggested there were three outstanding characters, including: all the Tricholoma matsutake strains dwell in the high elevation place, and elevation of the growth trend was increasing year by year ; symbiotic hosts are diverse, and Quercus pannosa Hand-Mazz and Quercus aquifolioides Rehd. et Wils are the dominant host plants; the emergence stage Matsutake mushroom in these place is earlier than the other places.Results of RAPD analysis revealed that 32 wild accessions can be clustered into four groups at GS=0.68 level; Analysis of ITS PCR-RFLP suggested that 32 samples were clustered into four genetic groups at GS=0.72 level. Moreover, the samples from the same origin frequently clustered into one group; UPGMA cluster analysis based on Nei's unbiased measures of genetic identity indicated that there was a significantly positive correlation between genetic differentiation and geographical habits among these samples.Base on the results of genetic analysis, eight Tricholoma matsutake samples were chosen as representative, and their taxonomic position was determined according to phenotype and morphological observation, and rDNA-ITS fragments were amplified and sequenced; furthermore, phylogenetic analysis was conducted with additional sequences conserved in GenBank. The results show that, from the traditional view of the classification, these eight Tricholoma matsutake samples belonged to T. zangii and Tricholoma matsutake, respectively. However, the phylogenetic analysis showed that all the matsutake sample located in the same phylogenic branch, and they belonged to Tricholoma matsutake, which suggested that the traditional classification methods couldn't reveal the phylogenic position, and although there was little geographic differentiation in some materials, no new Tricholoma spices formed.