The Research Of Forage Harvest Mechanization Technology Experiment

Devoting major efforts to developing mechanization of the forage harvesting is essential condition to the modern agriculture in our country.If the forage harvesting accomplishes mechanization,the receipts of agriculture could be raised,and the living standard of the people can be improved.The technology about hay planting,harvesting and storing need improve in the livestock farming.The farmers need a reliable quality and suiTab,price machine to replace artificial work,which can improve benefit and economy.In recent years,the grass industry as a new industry rises rapidly in central and western provinces of China,particularly in HeXi area,because its enough land resources advantages,they expand forage area.The grass industry has become to agricultural development key points of adjustment about the agricultural structure and sustainable development and increase the income of farmers new economic growth points.Alfalfa industry has already been scale,but the alfalfa mechanize harvest technology just stay in the initial stage,most of the alfalfa harvest are also harvested mainly by hands,it is low efficiency,which impacts on the grass industry.Firstly,The research and progress of forage harvesting theory has been discussed in this paper which introduced the forage harvesting machines develop history in foreign countries,and cited the research in recent years,and said the characteristic of quality in the new mower,then came out the deficiency and developing trend of forage harvesting machinery in our country.Secondly,we selected the dyadic pair of circular 9GY-130 disc mower and NH565 rectangular baler to carry on the experiment which last for 2 years,and researched the mechanical performance,effect and economic effect applying.It indicates that the adaptability of forage mower is good,the complete machine is good by nature.It is low-cut stubble(＜50 mm),net rate(95percent),good harvest performance.The machine operation spending is low,and the fuel consumption is 8～10kg/hm~2,the production efficiency is 0.78～0.93hm~2/h,which is higher 20 times than artificial.Mechanical forage harvesting has many advantage,such as high operating speed,short harvest time,higher straw which retain secondary buds of the roots,and extend the alfalfa growth cycle relatively,alfalfa can be harvested 4 times every year,the total output reaches 67000kg/hm~2.But the harvest by people will be slow,and harvesting cycles will be long,the straw will be low,we which can not retain the secondary buds,the alfalfa relative growth cycle will be shortened,the forage harvesting just can achieve three times,the total output is 59,000 kg/hm~2.Mechanical harvesting is larger than the artificial work 8220kg/hm~2.Equivalent to hay is 1455 kg/hm~2,which adds value 582 yuan/hm~2. Mechanized harvesting is higher than artificial work 20 times that reduces the farmers labor intensity and improves the labor efficiency greatly.At the same time,the expenditure for one time crop harvesting operations is 225yuan/hm~2 by mechanical harvesting of alfalfa,and it will be harvested 4 times a year,while total operating expenditure is 900 yuan/hm~2.But harvesting by hands,the expenditures labor cost is 600 yuan/hm~2,3 times each year,while the total expenditures labor costs is 1,800 yuan/hm~2,then we can come out the mechanical harvesting operations less than manual labor costs 900 yuan/hm~2,the saving effect is very significant.9YG-130 dual-disc mower is designed rationally and the operation is safe,the harvesting effort is very good,which will increase 20 per cent of hay.It is economic,social and ecological benefits are very good projects.It is suiTab. for promoting large usage in Jinchang area.From 2006,we did field production tests with NH565 rectangular baler.The tests were carried on in Jinchang seed field,Yongchang Qinghe integrated farmland and beidi village Yongchang shuiyuan.The results showed that:the reliability coefficient of machines and tools is more than 95 percent,the bales density can reach 86.5 percent,the productivity is 25 bundles per hour,the bales density is up to 174.6 kg/m~3.Fuel consumption is 0.6 kg/h,the loss of forage is between 8 to 10 percent.The machine operation is simple and transportation is convenient,the working stability and reliability are better than the similar that made in china.Using cost principle to analyze profit and loss,as long as the working area reach 284.2 hm~2 the spending and profit will be equal.Through the sensitivity analysis,it is clear that the fee per hectare,the service life and utilization are the main factors affecting economic benefits.