Study On Occurrence And Prevention Of Lightning Fire In DaXing' Anling Region

There were unique rules about time and space occurrence for lightning fire. Based on nearly 40 years data of lightning fire in DaXing'anling, Utilizing Excel,SPSS and ArcGIS statistics software to analysis fundamental data and climate data. Through existing research results and related data of Lightning fire in Domestic and abroad in DaXing'anling, verified this natural phenomenon---lightning fires was difficult to control,the complexity of formation mechanism comprehensively,the uniqueness of occurrence rule,the necessity of establishing forecasting system and the difficulty of monitoring.The study of the reason of forest fire and frequency in DaXing'anling shows that:there is a large amount of fire causes, but, in 1494 times recorded forest fires, lightning fire which took place 545 times, accounting for 37%, is one important part of fire causes; in this area, fire annual frequency is about 37 times, there into, about 13.6 times is lightning fire which accounts for total frequency 33% before 1987 and 59% after 1987, increasing 26%, simultaneity, destroyed forest area increase from 1% to 3.4%, lightning fire destroy proportion increasing larger.The lightning fire space-time study of DaXing'anling shows:lightning fire occurring almost each year have definite periodicity,4 years before 1987 and 2 years after 1987, and after several low frequency, there will be high frequency lightning fire; lightning fire usually takes place in summer and autumn, and mainly in May and June, in these two seasons, lightning fire occurred 403 times accounting for total 72.5%; it usually take place in the day, and mainly from Am 10 to Pm 5. Lightning fire which occurs dispersively, took place almost in each part of this area. A mu'er, Hu zhong,Ta he,Song ling,Xin lin are high frequency area accounting for 58.9%.The weather conditions effect in DaXing'anling on lightning fire shows:lightning fire have the negative correlation with the meteorological factors average precipitation, relative humidity and wind speed, and positive correlation with average temperature in summer. Precipitation is a control factor for lightning fire, high frequency when precipitation below 400mm, and low frequency when precipitation more than 500mm; temperature is the key factor, in summer, very low frequency accounting for 8% when temperature below 14℃,and most lightning fire taking place when temperature between in 14-20℃, however, frequency reducing when temperature higher than 20℃.By comparing research on lightning fire history at home and abroad,overview of monitoring and forecasting, expatiated the composition and main function of early lightning fire warning system. Domestic lightning fire monitoring and forecasting was later than developed countries and needed to be further improved. Lightning fire early warning system used Satellite monitoring, watchtower monitoring and ground Patrol to establish three-dimensional defense network, which would provide large amounts of data such as forest fire prediction, monitoring and loss, The information was helpful in avoiding fire,the catastrophic fire. and reducing fire losses.