Research On Application Effect And Mechanism Of Mushroom Residue On Pepper

As the enlargement of edible mushroom industry, there are500-600 tons of mushroom residue produced every year. Research shows that there is plenty of nutrition in the mushroom residue which are discarded or stacked in reality, that will make the mould and pest produced and waste the organic matter resource, pollute the produce and living environment of countryside. Study shows, the mushroom residue can used to be the organic fertilizer but not deeply researched. In this paper, the mushroom residue was used to the organic fertilizer. Different application of mushroom residue were used to study the soil physical and chemical properties, growth and development, protective enzyme system, yield, quality and isozyme spectrum, in order to illustrate the influence mechanism of mushroom residue to vegetables, advance a suitable application of mushroom residue for pepper cultivation. The result of the experiment was as follows:1. The optimum application of mushroom residue could promote growth and development of pepper, and advance the accumulation of dry matter of pepper obviously, different application could make different output, with the increasing amount of mushroom residue, the yield could enhance by 6.8%~23%, the output of treatment C was 57.4% more than A, general expressed the best.2. Mushroom residue could promote the growth of pepper and increase the yield by regulating physiological process in the stage of growth, application of mushroom residue could promoted the growth of under-ground, anabolism of chlorophyll in leaves. The fresh and dry weight of under-ground part of treatment C reached the most. The application of mushroom residue could increase the amount of chlorophyll by 21.88%- 23.47% which could strengthen the ability of absorbing the light energy andtherefore make the output increased.3. Among the series of treatments, it could improve the quality of pepper, especially increase the content of Vc, soluble protein and soluble sugar, the content of treatment D, C and F was the most and reached the significance level. It enhanced the metabolism level of crops and the quality of pepper was improved, the nitrate content of fruit was decreased too.4. With the increasing application of mushroom residue, the content of the soil organic matter and humic were increased too, and content of treatment F was topmost compared with treatment A, B, C, D and E, the content of the soil organic matte respectively increased by 10.40%, 17.56%, 24.66%, 28.55% and 39.66%. It also could increase soil aggregate structure and fertility, and then added the amount of soil microorganism which was the evaluation index of fertility.5. Through determining the content of the soil generous available nutrient, the result of the experiment indicated that the application of mushroom residue could increase the content of the soil generous available nutrient. Comprehensive each period, the content of available phosphorus and nitrogen, treatment F>E>C>D>B>A, respectively increased 6.0%～91.97% and 2.56%～37.11%, the topmost content of available potassium was treatment C, increasing extent was 10.87%～28.46%.6. Through determining the content of the soil generous available nutrients, the tendency of total N and total P was treatment F>E>C>D>B>A, the content of total N and total P respectively increased 4.13%～27.27% and 16.96%-76.25% more than the others, the content from high to low of total K is treatment B>D>C>A>F>E, increasing range was 3.15%～12.71%.The application of mushroom residue could increase the total available nutrients and improve physics and chemistry ecology environment.7. The soil microelement was determined, the content of the topmost content of Fe was treatment B, the lowest content was treatment A, treatment B is 5.83% higher than treatment A, the topmost content of Zn is treatment E, the lowest content of Zn is treatment B, treatment E is 5.83% higher than treatment A, there might exist some antagonism effect between Fe and Zn. The content of nitrate in soil decreased obviously after the application of mushroom residue, treatment A was the most significant among the other treatments, 462.37% less than that no application of mushroom residue.8. Through determining the nutrient of the Pepper, it could promote the absorption of generous total available nutrients, available nutrient and microelement contents of pepper. The optimum application dosage also could improve the uptake and transportation of N, P, and K. Leaves contained the most N content, fruits contained the most P content, stems contained the most N content.9. Different application of mushroom residue could increase the absorption and transportation of the content of Fe and Zn. Fe enriched in the roots of Pepper, but lest in the fruit. Zn enriched in leaves of Pepper, but the least content in roots. The topmost content of Fe was treatment F in roots, leaves and fruits of pepper, the topmost Fe content was treatment B, from the total absorption of Zn in stems, leaves and fruits, the treatment D contained the most, treatment A contained the least.In a word, appropriate amount application of mushroom residue could promote the growth and development, increase the yield and promote the quality. The major mechanism was the suitable amount of mushroom residue could improve the distribution of microelement and then better the fertilizer of the soil, correspondingly produce excellent plants.