Study On The Biological Character Of Blossom About Ardisia Mamillata Hance

Take Ardisia mamillata Hance as materials, the floral buds differentiation, macrogametophyte, shape and livingness of pollen and habit of florescence were evaluated in the present paper, revealing the basic theory for breeding and burliness biology of Ardisia mamillata Hance.(1) The Ardisia mamillata Hance is hermaphroditic, floral buds differentiation is normal in spring from the first ten-day period of April to the last ten-day period of May annually.(2) The growth of malegametophyte is normal, the wall of anther is three layer including fibre layer, middle layer and tapetal layer; the tapetal layer is typical and will vanish when the pollen is mature.(3) The ovary have one room, the center placenta ,the ovule is across ,the amount is 3～6, the growth of gastrula is Polygonaceae tape; the mature gastrula have Ootid, Synergid and pole nucleus, Antipodal cell degenerated and vanished. Most ovule will be mature at the same time but just one ovule is always fecundated and develop to fruit, the other ovules will degenerate, only one seed sustained in the fruit; the malegametophyte and macrogametophyte is mature simultaneously.(4)The pollen is the small type, single, radiation symmetry, ellipse sphericity, the polar cover is triangle or three crack rotundity, the equator cover is ellipse, the bourgeon aperture is three , every aperture from one polar to another lengthwise and link each other in the polar; the surface of Ardisia mamillata 'Lv Hushe' is reticulate, the surface of Ardisia mamillata 'Hong Hushe' is granule shape. From the aspect of the surface shape, the evolved order is: 'Hong Hushe'→Ardisia mamillata Hance→'Lv Hushe'.(5) The result of activities of the pollen were similar, 'Hong Hushe' >'Lv Hushe '.> Ardisia mamillata Hance. We have also found that .the pollen will be invalid when treated in -20℃conditions, the fittest temperature is 4℃.(6) It was not gland dot in the flower but brown splash, the chapiter is dry and the pollen can grow on it as the flower open, In breeding, we can do artificial pollination every day during the florescence. Commonly, just one to three pollens can grow and enter into the ovary through the pollen canal, however, only one ovule was fecundated,.(7) Ardisia mamillata Hance is anomephilous, the breeding system is isomerism amphimixis. The florescence is also 40 days from the last ten-day of June to the first ten-day of August, the florescence of single flower is short with 1～3 d, the individual florescence have two peak, the bloom of colony belongs to abundant centralized pattern, which is helpful to procreate success of Ardisia mamillata Hance. The characteristic of long florescence and abundant pollen will bring convenience for cross breeding.