Implementary Measures And Effects On Water And Soil Conservation In Red Soil-hillock District In The Center Of Hunan Province

The water loss and soil erosion in red soil-hillock district in the center of Hunan Province is the most serious. Led by government at all levels, people in society at large have implemented a serious of water and soil conservation measures from 2001 to 2007. Executives are focusing on the effects on water and soil conservation measures. Thereby, based on the collocation and implementary situation of water and soil measure system, the paper sets up evaluative indicator system which is composed of physical indicators, social indicators and economic indicators, fifteen in all. Using the methods of analytic hierarchy process and grey correlation, the paper evaluates the comprehensive effects on water and soil conservation measures in four managerial districts in red soil-hillock district in the center of Hunan Province, and analyzes the evaluative results. The conclusions show that:(1) The configured biologic measures, engineering measures and agricultural measures, as well as the implementary schemes on four comprehensive managerial districts in red soil-hillock in the center of Hunan Province in recent years are basically rational and pointed. The effects on water and soil conservation representing the physical indicators, social indicators and economic indicators in 2007 is remarkable;(2)The evaluative ranking of water and soil conservation comprehensive managerial effects in each district is:Chang-Zhu-Tan red soil-hillock district (89.4)>Hengyang purple soil-sandstone-shale-hillock district (71.2)>Lou-Shao limestone-red soil-hillock district (70.1)>Xuefeng Mountain yellowish red soil-hill-hillock district (67.1);(3) The water and soil conservation managerial effects in red soil-hillock district in the center of Hunan Province can be divided into three grade zones which are excellent, benign, and medium in turn(due to the similar evaluative grades, Hengyang purple soil-sandstone-shale-hillock district and Lou-Shao limestone-red soil-hillock district is combined into one district.), that is, the effects on water and soil conservation of Chang-Zhu-Tan red soil-hillock district, Hengyang purple soil-sandstone-shale-hillock district and Lou-Shao limestone-red soil-hillock district, Xuefeng Mountain yellowish red soil-hill-hillock district is respectively excellent, benign and medium;(4) As to the average grades of comprehensive effects in the whole district, the grade of economic effects is 415, the grade of ecological effects is 209, and the grade of social effects is only 123. The ecological effects are lower because of the less irrational biologic implementary measures and the lagging processes; the social effects are the lowest because of the lagging urbanized process, the lower rural employment and the less matched public installations. In order to realize water and soil conservation industrialization and increase the rural employment rate, rural fundenmental facilities should be better constructed, water and soil conservation measures should be adjusted and optimized, local specially dominant product should be highlighted;(5) The water and soil conservation comprehensive effects in each district represent obvious differences, mainly due to the reasonable water and soil conservation measures, human resources, material resources, science and technology, invested fund, strict scientific management, perfect policy, and law systems.(6) The results of the chosen evaluative indicator system and methods of water and soil conservation comprehensive effects is basically the same as the actual effects on red soil-hillock managerial district in the center of Hunan Province, so the result can provide a theory evidence for optimizing the water and soil conservation meaures in each district.