Culture In Vitro And Landscape Application Of Euonymus Schensianus Maxim.

In the application of modern landscape, the trees are not only required to meet the requirement of"Peculiar, Pretty and Elegant"for making the scene, but also should be economical. Based on these requirements, properly developing some native wild trees is a feasible strategy for"Saving type of Landscape". As one of the 10 indigenous tree species of Shaanxi Province, Euonymus schensianus Maxim. has the unique advantages. First, because its beautiful butterfly-shaped samara, which is also called as"Gold wire hanging Butterfly"in summer and fall seasons; Second, it has high medical value because its seeds contain essential amino acids that are necessity for human beings and high amount of microelements (Selenium and Germanium). However, they are mainly distributed in QinLing-Bashan Mountain areas as a number of small sporadic distributions instead of making a plant community. It means that they are still in wild status in China. Because the major ways of reproduction are engraft and sow, the seedling number is limited. The landscape application is also not profound. This article constructed the regeneration system of Euonymus schensianus Maxim. through the experiments of vitro Culture (adventitious bud from stem segment and Callus ). Simultaneously, according to the observation of phenological period, we analyzed the value of landscape use. Combining the investigation of existing apply styles for landscape, we evaluated the landscape application value of Euonymus schensianus Maxim.The results are as follows:1. Stem segment tissue culture. This experiment chose the mid and upper stems from one-year-old branches had been chosen as the explants material. Firstly, those explants were washed by running water containing 10% detergent for about 2 hours. Then they were immersed in disinfection condition of 75% ethanol 20s +0.1% mercuric chloride 4min. Finally they were vaccinated in the medium, which contain 6% agar and 20g/L sugar in the pH of 5.8. The culture conditions was: temperature (25±2)OC, illumination time 12 hour, illumination intensity 1500-2000lx. The result indicated: the best medium for germination was MS+6-BA1.0 mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L, the induction rate could be 93.25%. The best medium for buds's proliferation was 1/4MS+6-BA2.0mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L with the multiplication coefficient of 4.85. The best medium for rooting was 1/2MS+IBA0.3 mg/L, rooting rate could be 78.13%. The best transplant substrate was humus combined with pearl gravel (1:1), and the survive rate was up to 81.53%.2. Inducing adventitious bud from callus. This experiment choose the tenderstem(without bud) as the explants for callus induction. The disinfection and culture conditions as same as above(culture in vitro of stem). The result indicated: the most appropriate medium for induce callus was MS+NAA0.2mg/L+6-BA2.0mg/L; the induction rate could be over 95%. The most appropriate medium for proliferation of callus was MS+NAA0.5mg/L+6-BA2.0mg/L; the average weight of callus was 2.2695g. The most appropriate medium for bud differentiation from callus was MS+NAA0.5mg/L+6-BA2.0mg/L, the differentiation rate is 95.26%.3. Field survey revealed that Euonymus schensianus Maxim. distributed equably in Shanxi province(Northern Shaanxi-Xuan Yuan Temple; Guanzhong-Xi'an botany, Yang Hucheng Cemetery and Jing Ye Temple; Southern Shaanxi-Longwang Temple). It was much more concentrated distributed in QinLing and Bashan Mountain areas than other dristricts. Euonymus schensianus Maxim. not only had been applied in the landscape(such as: main feature, floral arrangement with buildings, isolated planting, miniascape sapling or stump and yard trees, etc.), but also the other Landscape Forming Methods, like linear planting, clump planting as entirety type, and as the material for monastery garden and flower arrangement.4.The results from observation of phenological period showed that: the new branches of Euonymus schensianus Maxim. arising in later March, blooming in early April. The samaras grow between middle June and early August, and finally mature in June. The leaves off the trees in middle-October, then the trees are in hibernating from November to early February. The optimum period to enjoy Euonymus schensianus Maxim. is from late March to early August (booming to fructification ).Through the tissur culture experiment, field survey and observation of phenological period, this research not only contributed to the germplasm resources conservation, but also breed high quality plantlet rapidly and lay an the foundation of biotechnology breeding of Euonymus schensianus Maxim. Then, we further analyszed the growth characteristics and the landscape application of Euonymus schensianus Maxim., this has an active role in the application and dissemination of Euonymus schensianus Maxim. in landscape architecture.