Effect Of Combined Application Of N, P₂O₅ And K₂O Fertilizers On Yield And Quality Of Flue-Cured Tobacco

N, P2O5 and K2O are the three essential nutrients of the flue-cured tobacco. Study the flue-cured tobacco growing needs of the fertilizer and to quantify it, and then based on this to formula fertilization is the fundamental way which to achieve the high yield and quality flue-cured tobacco production sustainable development. Shaanxi province is in the northwest of China, the economy is relatively backward. Tobacco as a cash crop has become an important way for the farmers to reduce the burden and increase income. But the fertilization way, fertilization modes, fertilizer rate and other reasons cause the local tobacco production and quality can not improve or even lower, so scientific and reasonable fertilization is the only way to improve the situation.The study design the field N, P2O5 and K2O fertilization experiment with the method of three factor five level two orthogonal revolving combination., to analysis different fertilizer on yield and quality in Chengcheng, Xunyi and Yangxian in the year of 2008 and 2009. According to the data obtained, a ternary quadratic regression model was established, in which N, P2O5 and K2O were independent variables and tobacco yield were dependent variables. Use the computer to optimization the N P2O5, K2O and yield regression. Different fertilizations on chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco were analyzed by factor analysis. Obtain 4 principal components with accumulative contribution. And also obtain the composite score of different fertilizations on chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco. The main results were indicated as following:The effects of formula the N, P2O5 and K2O fertilization on yield of flue-cured tobacco Field experiment showed that. N, P2O5 and K2O have a strong effect on yield of flue-cured tobacco. Different N, P2O5 and K2O fertilization also have a significantly influence on yield of flue-cured tobacco. The single-factor effect analysis showed that, in the low-fertilizer level, the yield of flue-cured tobacco which only fertilized K2O was higher than only fertilized N or P2O5. Increase the K2O amount can improve the yield of flue-cured tobacco on the lower fertilization soil. Factor interaction effects showed that, the high or low N all to the disadvantage of the yield of flue-cured tobacco. In the high P2O5 or K2O level, the yield remains high. So when plant the flue-cured tobacco, we can appropriate increase in the amount of P2O5 and K2O in the case of N suitable. We can got the high-yielding tobacco fertilization Scheme by the computer frequency analysis. Xunyi fertilization Scheme as followed: N 50.55-62.84 kg/hm2, P2O5 94.13-106.81 kg/hm2, K2O 197.43-209.23 kg/hm2; Chengcheng: N 52.69 - 63.10 kg/hm2, P2O5 81.53– 101.75 kg/hm2, K2O 157.66– 198.68 kg/hm2; Yangxian: N 101.75 - 111.83 kg/hm2, P2O5 118.47– 146.75 kg/hm2, K2O 202.44 - 224.55 kg/hm2.The effects of formula the N, P2O5 and K2O fertilization on quality of flue-cured tobacco The different fertilizations on chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco which in Chengcheng, Xunyi and Yangxian were analyzed by factor analysis. The 13 terms of chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco all play active explanation in the evaluation of different Fertilization. Calculated by the score equation of different fertilizations on chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco, we can get the chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco scores which in Chengcheng are in order of 8, 15, 6, 2, 7, 11, 12, 4, 14, 3, 1, 5, 9, 13 and 10.which in Xunyi are in order of 8, 15, 6, 4, 14, 2, 5, 7, 12, 3, 1, 10, 13, 9 and 11. Which in Yangxian are in order of 8, 15, 7, 1, 14, 12, 4, 2, 5, 3, 6, 11, 10, 13 and 9. The high comprehensive scores are 8, 15 and 7.We can get the high yield and quality tobacco fertilization, by comprehensive analysis the different fertilizations of the flue-cured tobacco. They are as followed: Chengcheng: N 63.10 kg/hm2, P2O5 101.75 kg/hm2, K2O 197.43 kg/hm2; Xunyi: N 62.84 kg/hm2, P2O5 101.75 kg/hm2, K2O 197.43 kg/hm2; Yangxian: N 107.84 kg/hm2, P2O5 146.75 kg/hm2, K2O 212.63 kg/hm2.