Genetic Relationships Among 31 Wild Excellent Rubus Germplasms And 10 Bramble Cultivars Revealed By RAPD, And Preliminary Identification Of Suspected Hybrid

Brambles, also known raspberry, which in the genus Rubus of the Rosaceae, and one of the most rapidly developing small fruit tree just next to strawberries, blueberries and currants. Due to its nutritional values and medical uses, brambles named Fruits of Life by Americans, and could be used for fresh and processing. Rich resources of Rubus were found in China, and 202 species,98 variations were published, but bramble breeding process in China was still laid behind abroad and just 4 cultivars,3 excellent individuals were breeding. There was just only one cultivars 'Fengmanhong' selected from wild germplasms which in China. Appropriate cultivars in the key to develop planting, which are decided by the quantity and quantity of genetic resources owned and the depth and width studied. In present study, the genetic relationships among twelve R. parvifolius taxa, thirteen R. coreanus taxa, and R. niveus, R. ellipticus var. obcordatus, R. inopertus, R. tsangii, R. corchorifolius, suspected hybrid from China and ten raspberry cultivars which introduced abroad would be explored by RAPD markers, and preliminary identification of suspected hybrid by morphological markers and pollen morphology. The results would be listed as follow:1. A total of 547 bands were produced by 20 arbityary primers that selected, and 527 out of 547bands (96.56%) were polymorphic. Thus 18-38 polymorphic bands could be amplified from each, with an average of 27.35.2. The genetic similarity coefficients of 41 accessions ranged from 0.658 to 0.964. The average of genetic similarity coefficients among R. parvifolius populations and R. coreanus populations was 0.916 (ranged from 0.901-0.963) and 0.909 (0.868-0.964) respectively. There was a far genetic relationship between excellent bramble wild germplasms in China and cultivated populations introduced abroad, while quite close relationship among wild germplasms.3. The results of cluster analysis showed that wild germplasms and cultivars could be distinguished by RAPD makers.From the dendrogram, the 41 materials could be divied into 3 groups. In group 1, twelve R. parvifolius taxa, R. ellipticus var. obcordatus and suspected hybrid are clustered together. In group2, seventeen accessions contained thirteen R. coreanus taxa, R. niveus, R. inopertus, R. tsangii and R. corchorifolius were grouped together. In group 3, ten raspberry were clustered together. The results of cluster analysis showed that 41 accessions could be distinguished by RAPD markers However, it failed to distinguish red raspberry with even red raspberry.4. The suspected hybrid was identified by RAPD markers, morphology markers and pollen morphology. The appearance shape of R. parvifolius and R. coreanus were both in suspected hybrid, and belong to the same type of exine ornamentation, also there was a close relationship among them. It could be the natural hybrid by R. parvifolius and R. coreanus.