Research On Vacuum Precision Planter Seeding And Fertilizing Monitoring System

Seeding is the most important part in agricultural production activities. Its quality directly impact on the growth quality and productivity to crops. With the rapid development of agricultural mechanization, more and more precision planter applied to agricultural production, and its wide application has become the main features of modern seeding techniques.As a kind of precision planter, vacuum precision planter does no hurt to the seeds and can easy to implement monoseeding and high-speed operation. So, it has been spread in many areas. But, like other precision planter, vacuum precision planter is completely closed. People can not properly monitor the quality of seeding and fertilizing in seeding process. Therefore, it is particularly important that use electronic system to monitor seeding and fertilizing.This paper refer to the research present situation of seeder monitoring system in domestic and foreign. On the basis of comprehensive comparison of similar products at home and abroad, introduced the research content of seeding and fertilizing monitoring system on vacuum precision planter.Firstly, determined the selection of photoelectric sensor. By comparing the commonly used photosensitive components (ordinary LED, high-brightness LED, infrared LED, LD) and light-emitting components (photoresistor, photodiode, photistor ) , decided to useΦ5red high-brightness LED as light-emitting components, and useΦ1 2andΦ20photoresistor as the light-emitting components.Then, designed the overall structure of the monitoring system base the structure of vacuum precision planter. The system used RS485 half-duplex communication. Each slave computers sent collected data to the host computer. The host computer can display the date and alarm the unusual situation by sound and light.In the design of hardware, adopted STC89C58RD+ MCU as the microcontroller of host computer. Peripheral circuits include clock circuit, keyboard circuit, display circuit, memory circuit, sound and light alarm circuit, communications circuit. The slave computers mainly include all kinds of detection circuits.Base on the hardware design, designed the software to the monitoring system. Host Computer software design include the main program, clock program, key-press program, display program and communication programs etc. Slave computers use interrupt mode to collect date and communicate, which greatly reducing the CPU time occupied and improving the real-time of the monitoring system.Finally, a single test-bed was established for the monitoring system performance test. The results showed that: The monitoring system can accurately detect the amount of leakage sowing, seeding rate, seed quantity and seed manure status. It performed well in anti-dust and ran stably, and achieved the purpose of seeding and fertilizing monitoring.