Study Of The Antimutagenic Effects And Its Mechanism Of Codonopsis Lanceolata Saponins

As the increasing of the new compounds in the world, the environment mutagens and carcinogens are threatening people more seriously. It has been a hot topic for the scholars at home and abroad to search the effective anti- mutation and anti-tumor components from the natural plants. Codonopsis Lanceolata ,from Codonopsis Wall.ex Roxb. of Campanulaceae, widely distribute in this locality. It was reported that Codonopsis Lanceolata contained saponins, starch, glucose, multivitamin and mineral elements as iron,phosphorum and calcium, et. People had researched its produce technique, educating technique and anti-tumor activity of polysacchariden in order to represent the effective inctituents and mechanisms of Codonopsis Lanceolata. In this investigation we used the Codonopsis Lanceolata saponins to do the experiments of polychromeatic erythrocytes with micronuclei (MPCE )test,sperm shape abnormalities test,single cell gel electrophoresis assay (SCGE),Ames anti-mutagenesis test,and determined the superoxide dismutase( SOD) activity and the content of malonyldialdegyde (MDA) in tissue.The results showed, it could inhibit MPCE induced by CP in mice with administration of Codonopsis Lanceolata saponins in advance in MPCE test. Compared with positive, the middle group and the high group had statisticssignificance(p<0.01), and with the dosage of saponins' increasing, the rate of MPCE gradually decreased. In the sperm shape abnormalities test, it can inhibit MPCE induced by CP in mice with administration of Codonopsis Lanceolata saponins in advance. Compared with the positive, the middle group and the high group had statistics significance(p<0.01), and with the dosage of saponins' increasing, the rate of sperm abnormalities gradually decreased.In Ames test, we used the plate penetrate technique to detect the reverse mutation rate of the positive mutations of strains TA98, TA100 with or without S9 mix. The result revealed the significant difference between the saponin groups and the positive control. In the SCGE test showed that the saponin groups decrease the damage of DNA in rat blood lymphosytes, and the high dosage has the significant difference compare to the CP group(P<0.01). Above all, Codonopsis Lanceolata saponins is a kind of the anti-mutation substances, and the other unknown anti-mutation substances in it would be study in the future. In the test of determining SOD activity and the MDA content in liver and testis, the results showed that Codonopsis Lanceolata saponins can inhibit the descent of SOD activity induced by CP; and lipid peroxidation action induced by CP and decrease its production, MDA. In a word, we thought that protecting the integrity of genetic substance by cleaning excessive free radicals in internal environment was one of the anti-mutation mechanisms of Codonopsis Lanceolata saponins.