| Purpose: Primary liver cancer is a common cancer, but in recent years the incidence rate is increasing year by year. As the onset of misprision of hepatocellular carcinoma, most of patients belong to the middle andlate stage, combining with a low rate of surgical resection and a high rate of liver cirrhosis and postoperative recurrence. Therefore, the majority of liver cancer patients need non-surgical treatment. Transcatheter artery chemoembolization(TACE) is the first choice of the non-surgical treatments. So the basis of TACE study appears imminent. The replication of Animal disease model provide platform for the study of TACE .Although Vx-2 rabbit liver transplantation model is not hepatocellular carcinoma, its pathology was similar to the massive human liver hepatoma.It can induce to the similar clinical response to treatment with the hepatocellular carcinoma.So it is suitable for imaging diagnosis and treatment research.β- Elemene was the national second-class anticancer drug.There are strong inhibition and anti-effects on a variety of in vivo and vitro tumor cells . The purpose of this study is to observe VX2 carcinoma transplanted on liver in the effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization ( TACE) withβ—elemene and Lipiodol on apoptosis , proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA) expression of the residual hepatic tumor cell and looking for theoretical evidence for the treatment of liver cancer with high efficiency, low toxicity .Methods: Thirty-four New Zealand White rabbits were all transplantedwith VX2 carcinoma on the left lobes of the livers . Two weeks later , 34 rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups. A group(normal saline 2ml injection ten min), B group(lipiodol 0.5ml via hepatic arterial embolization ten min), C group(β-elemene 50mg one-shot or bolus injection 10min), D group(β-elemene 50mg continuous transarterial infusion 5hour), E group(β-elemene 50mg+lipiodol 0.5ml embolization 10 min). Percutaneous transfemoral hepatic arterial catheterization with fixation of the cathether tip inside the feeding vessel was carried out under DSA guidance for different groups. The apoptotic index , proliferation index in survival tumor tissue were examined 2 weeks after treatment by TUNEL (in situ nick end-labeling) method and immunohistochemistry with anti-PCNA monoclonal antibody respectively.Results: Apoptotic index of survival tumor cells was 1.63±0.24,2.50±0.54,1.94±0.28,2.41±0.40,2.35±0.73 , proliferation index was 77.3±5.9,57.1±6.8,73.4±6.7,63.0±9.6,38.0±5.0 in each group respectively.Conclusion: Through this study we found that : 1. The effect of continuousβ-elemene infusion by artery was better than the impact of a one-time infusion . We should vigorously promote this treatment. 2.β-elemene chemoembolization combined with lipiodol was better than the effect of the single lipiodol group andβ-elemene continuous infusion group, it can get a higher index of apoptosis and a lower index of proliferation. 3. The tumor cell apoptosis, Inhibition of tumor cell proliferation are one of the molecular mechanisms of TACE anti tumor effects. 4. There is a negative correlation between apoptotic index and proliferation index.
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