| KAI1/CD82 is a tumor-metastasis suppressor gene and encodes a protein of CD/82. It belongs to a structurally distinct superfamily of membrane glycoproteins TM4SF (transmembrane 4 superfamily or tetraspan superfamily). TM4SF proteins have four highly conserved hydrophobic regions, presumed to be transmembrane domains, and a extracellular hydrophilic domains. There are three potential N-glycosylated domains, which locate the surface of the leukocyte and other cells. The membrane location of TM4SF and extensive glycosylation suggest that they function in cell-cell interactions and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, both of which are important in tumor invasion and metastasis. The tumor-metastasis suppression function of KAI1/CD82 was gradually recognized, it was verified the metastasis suppression in the carcinoma of prostate. Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) is a membrane-bound protein, a key enzyme in the prostanoid biosynthetic pathway. It has double function of the peroxydase and Cyclooxygenase, And the induction type isozyme Cox-2 is not detected in resting cell, but its expression up obviously in inflammatory cells and tumor cells. It is considered that Cox-2 has intimate relation to the genesis of the tumors. Our study are detect the expression of KAI1/CD82 and Cox-2 in normal cervix and cervical squamous cell carcinoma by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR methods, to investigate the relationship between expression of KAI1/CD82 and Cox-2 with pathological grades of cervical squamous cell carcinoma, to analyse their role and significance in carcinogenesis and metastasis of cervical carcinoma.Results: (1) Positive particle of KAI1/CD82 could be found at cell membrane. Positive particle mainly at cell membrane in well-differentiatedcervical squamous carcinoma, the expression of KAI1/CD82 is weakly positive or negative in moderately differentiated cervical squamous carcinoma, no positive particle was found in poorly differentiated cervical squamous carcinoma. The expression of KAI1/CD82 were found no significant differences in normal cervix and well-differentiated cervical squamous carcinoma (P>0.05);following pathological grades up, the expression of KAI1/CD82 down-regulation obviously (p﹤0.01). RT-PCR showed the positive level of KAI1/CD82 mRNA is 91.7% in normal cervix, the positive level is 26.8% in cervical squamous carcinoma. The expression intensity of KAI1/CD82 mRNA in normal cervix, well-differentiated , moderately–differentiated and poorly- differentiated cervical squamous carcinoma is 1.437±0.262,1.266±0.451,0.427±0.296 and 0.358±0.151 individually. The expression of KAI1/CD82 mRNA were found no significant differences in normal cervix and well-differentiated cervical squamous carcinoma (P>0.05), but the significant differences were found in normal cervix, moderately and poorly differentiated cervical squamous carcinoma (P<0.01). The expression of KAI1/CD82 mRNA down-regulated or absence following the up of pathological gardes.(2) No positive particles of Cox-2 protein were found in normal cervix, the expression site of positive particles mainly in cell nucleus and its surrounding, cytolymph. Positive particles were found in carcinoma nest and its surrounding in well-differentiated cervical squamous carcinoma, stain intensity is weak; positive particles were found mainly in tumor tissue in moderately- differentiated, stain intensity is moderate; the strong positive particles were found in poorly-differentiated cervical squamous carcinoma, expression site mainly in cell nucleus and its surrounding. The significant differences werefound in normal cervix and cervical squamous carcinoma (P<0.01), and the expression of Cox-2 become strong following up of pathological grades, The significant differences were found in each grades (P<0.01). RT-PCR showed the positive level of Cox-2 mRNA in normal cervix is 16.7%, the positive level in cervical carcinoma is 62.5%. The expression intensity of Cox-2 mRNA in normal cervix, well-differentiated, moderately–differentiated and poorly- differentiated cervical squamous carcinoma is 0.355±0.182,0.326±0.193,2.438±0.572 and 2.859±0.917 individually,no significance difference were found between normal cervix with well-differentiated cervical carcinoma (P>0.05), but the significance differences were found in normal cervix , moderated-differentiated and poorly-differentiated cervical carcinoma (P<0.01).Conclusion: The expression of KAI1/CD82 gene and encodes protein down-regulated obviously or absence in cervical squamous carcinoma, demonstrate KAI1/CD82 gene inactivation is related to infiltration and metastasis, and the expression of KAI1/CD82 also related to differentiation of cervical squamous carcinoma. The expression of Cox-2 is up-regulated in cervical squamous carcinoma, demonstrate the expression of Cox-2 maybe inhibit apoptosis of cancer cell in infiltrate site, enhances the infiltration and metastasis ability of tumor. Cox-2 selective inhibitor maybe use for prevention and therapy to cervical carcinoma.
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