| Objective:Canthium simile Merr and C. horridum Bl. are two of the four Canthium species growing in China and recorded as a medicinal plant possessing antipyretic activity. To our knowledge, No phytochemical investigations have previously been carried out in this species. It is very useful for developing the important theory basis on exploitation of phytogenic pharmacological activity.Method:The forecast experiment results on the chemical composition show that the stem of C. simile and the root of C. horridum predominantly consist of triterpene,alkaloid,anthraquinone,steroid,organic acid,Phenol,carbohydrate and etc. The air dried C. simile and C. horridum are crushed, and then extracted by 75% ethanol (in volume fraction) . After evaporation under reduced pressure a dark green ethanol extract was obtained. The extract was mixed with water , extracted by petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-BuOH , respectively. Then take a test on anti-bacterial activity of different fractions. The chloroform and the ethyl acetate fraction was respectively subjected to column chromatography over macroporous resin, normal and reversed-phase silica gel, sephadex LH-20, preparation thin-layer chromatography and recrystallization repeatedly to obtain pure compounds.Results:On the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic data(IR,ESI-MS,1H-NMR,13C-NMR,DEPT,1H-1HCOSY,HSQC,HMBC), physical and chemical characters and literatures, the structures of the compounds were identified as caruilignan D(1), lupeol (2),β-sitosterol(3,15),3β-acetyl oleanolic acid (4), (3β)-28-Norlup-20(29)-ene-3,17-diol (5), 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethyl benzoate(6), 2,6-dimethoxy-p-benzo quinine(7),vanillic acid(8,17),syringic acid(9),benzoic acid(10), 2,4-hexadienedioic acid(11),β-daucosterol(12,22), friedelinol (18), friedelin (19). All the compounds were found in the plant for the first time. The chloroform fraction of the C. simile and C. horridum have anti-bacterial activities.
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