Study On Spectral Properties Of Traditional Chinese Medicines And Effective Components

With the development of society and the progress of science and technology, the people's understanding on disease is also undergoing some changes. As natural medicine, which has less the poisonous side effect than chemical synthesis medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) has caused widespread attention in the world for the special curative effect to obstinate disease, chronic disease, senile disease, and so on. In order to ensure the quality, safety and effectiveness of the products of TCM, it has become the important task of TCM research that how to establish and improve the method and standard of quality control which is in accord with the characteristic of TCM and identical with the international standard.The spectral properties of extraction, effective component extraction and the standards of effective component of Taraxacum mongolilum,Ligusticum chuanxiong,Ligusticum sinensis Olive,Angelica sinensis and Cimicifuga foetida were investigated using fluorescence spectrometry and ultraviolet absorption spectrometry in this thesis. Some experimental data can be provided for the study of identification and pharmacological effect of TCM in future. The main contents of the thesis are as follows:1. The spectral properties of the extraction and effective component (caffeic acid) of Taraxacum mongolilum were studied. Effects of different media on fluorescence spectra and ultraviolet absorption spectra of caffeic acid were investigated. The fluorescence intensity of caffeic acid was in good linear relationship with concentration range of 0.0180–2.16μg ml-1 and the correlation coefficient is of 0.9993. The florescence quantum yield of caffeic acid was found to be 0.086 at maximum excitation wavelength 385 nm using quinine bisulphate as a reference, and the dissociation constants, pKa1, pKa2 and pKa3, were determined by ultraviolet absorption method. The experimental results showed that the three dimensional fluorescence spectra of the extraction of Taraxacum mongolilum was in good agreement with that of standard of caffeic acid at the same experimental condition, and the conclusion was obtained that the fluorescence component of extraction of Taraxacum mongolilum may be caffeic acid. The content of caffeic acid in Taraxacum mongolilum was determined using standard curve method and standard addition method, respectively.2. The fluorescence spectra and ultraviolet absorption spectra of the effective components (chuanxiongzine and ferulic acid) of Ligusticum chuanxiong were studied. Effects of several experimental conditions such as solution acidity,ethanol,metal ions and surfactants on spectral properties were investigated. Using quinine bisulphate as a reference, the florescence quantum yields of chuanxiongzine and ferulic acid are of 0.0091 and 0.0056 at the excitation wavelength of 285 nm and 310 nm, respectively. The dissociation constants of chuanxiongzine and ferulic acid were determined by ultraviolet absorption spectrometry and fluorescence spectrometry, respectively. The fluorescence intensity of chuanxiongzine and ferulic acid were in good linear relationship with the concentration in a certain range of concentration, respectively.3. The spectral properties of umbelliferous plant, Ligusticum chuanxiong,Ligusticum sinensis Olive and Angelica sinensis, were studied in this part. Effects of solution acidity on fluorescence spectra and ultraviolet absorption spectra of Ligusticum chuanxiong,Ligusticum sinensis Olive and Angelica sinensis were investigated. With the comparison of the spectra of the extraction of Ligusticum chuanxiong,Ligusticum sinensis Olive and Angelica sinensis, it was found that the identification of Angelica sinensis could be completed and Ligusticum chuanxiong and Ligusticum sinensis Olive could not be identified using ultraviolet absorption spectra, while the three medicinal materials could be identified using three dimensional fluorescence spectra.4. Separation and extraction of the effective components, chuanxiongzine, ferulic acid, caffeic acid and unknown component of Ligusticum chuanxiong were carried out and the fluorescence spectra and ultraviolet absorption spectra of the extractions were investigated. The obvious difference was observed from the three dimensional fluorescence spectra of chuanxiongzine extraction and its standard. The three dimensional fluorescence spectra of ferulic acid extraction obtained by ethanol-ethyl ether system was in good agreement with that of its standard and it is concluded that the fluorescence component of extraction may be cis-ferulic acid. The three dimensional fluorescence spectra of caffeic acid and ferulic acid extractions obtained using ethanol extraction and benzene-ethyl acetate-formic acid elution were compared with those of their standards. The spectrum of caffeic acid extraction was in good agreement with that of the standard, but difference was observed between the spectrum of ferulic acid extraction and that of the standard. The fluorescence intensity atλ_ex/λ_em=245/460 nm is very weak because of the lower content of ferulic acid in extraction or influence of scattering. The unknown component in Ligusticum chuanxiong was extracted using petroleum ether. The result showed that three dimensional fluorescence spectra of the unknown component extraction was in good agreement with that of Ligusticum chuanxiong extraction, but the confirmation of the chemical composition of the fluorescence unknown component needs further research.5. The effect of solution pH on the peak position and intensity of fluorescence peak of Cimicifuga foetida extraction was investigated. The extraction and separation of ferulic acid and caffeic acid, which are the effective components of Cimicifuga foetida, were carried out and the ultraviolet absorption spectra and three dimensional fluorescence spectra of extraction were determined. With the comparison of the spectra of the extraction and their standards, the obvious difference was observed between the ultraviolet absorption spectra of ferulic acid and caffeic acid extractions and that of the standard, respectively. Besides the fluorescence peaks which is in accordance with those of the standards, some other peaks were also observed in three dimensional fluorescence spectra of ferulic acid and caffeic acid extractions, this maybe caused by the lower purity of extractions. The experimental conditions for the extraction and separation of ferulic acid and caffeic acid in Cimicifuga foetida need further improvement.