Studies On Three Biocactivies Of Seven Species Of C.morifolium Ramat And Thriteen Polygonaceae Species

This dissertation is composed of two chapters. The first chapter elaborated the the fatty acids of the seven species of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat cultivated in Kaifeng and eleven polygonaceae plants by GC-MS. The second chapter introduced theα-glucosidase inhibitory activity, antioxidant activity and anti-bacterias activity of the seven species of C. morifolium Ramat and thriteen polygonaceae species.Chapter 1 The fatty acids of seven species of C. morifolium Ramat and eleven polygonaceae species1. The liposoluble constituents of C. morifolium Ramat were extracted by Soxhlet extraction and base-catalyzed esterification. Their components were analyzed by GC-MS. Six components, including lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and stearic acid, were mutual in seven species of C. morifolium Ramat, The hightest content of the total fatty acids was Chunrijianshan (39.95%), and followed Lengyan (38.31%), Baiyudai (34.62%), Jianliuxiangbai (33.22%), Changhong (26.82%), Guohuawansheng (19.99%), the lowest is Mailang (14.33%). The result indicated that the content of fatty acids of C. morifolium Ramat in Kaifeng were not high. Besides the fatty acids, there were a mass of alkanes such as heptacosane and nonacosane in the seven species of C. morifolium Ramat. In additon, the total content of phytosterol and terpenoid in C. morifolium Ramat were Mailang (38.25%), Jianliuxiangbai (25.09%), Changhong (19.86%), Guohuawansheng (19.89%), Baiyudai (11.63%), Churijianshan (1.03%), Lengyan (0.81%). The results indicated that the content of those kinds of components had negative relation with the fatty acids. For example, the Chunrijianshan had the lowest content of the fatty acids, but the content of phytosterol and terpenoid were in the highest level. So, the fatty acids, phytosterols and terpenoids should be the indexity component of the variety of C. morifolium Ramat.2. The liposoluble constituents of the polygonaceae species were extracted by Soxhlet extraction and base-catalyzed esterification. Their components were analyzed by GC-MS. Eight fatty acids were mutual in all the polygonaceae species, including myristic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid and cerotic acid. The total content of fatty acids in eleven polygonaceae plants was P. multiflorum thumb (76.54%)> P. hydroiper L (72.29%)> P. longisetum De Bruyn (66.39%)> R. dentatua L (56.60%)> R. nepalensis Spreng radix (54.55%)> P. lapathifolium L (53.53%)> R. nepalensis Spreng arial (50.70%)>P. alatum Buch.-Ham (45.93%)>Cauli Polygoni Multiflori (43.31%) > P. lapathifolium L. var. salicifolium Sibth (35.58%)> P. viscosum Buch-Ham (29.01%). The result showed that the total content of fatty acids in radix were higher than that in arial, and fatty acid contents have no correlation with the genus. Besides, the polygonaceae species all containedγ-sitosterol,except for P. viscosum Buch-Ham all contained 22, 23-dihydro-stigmasterol. Cauli Polygoni Multiflori, P. longisetum De Bruyn and P. lapathifolium L. var. salicifolium Sibth contained a small quantity of stigmast-4-en-3-one, but other plants did not contained. Theβ-sitosterol only existed in P. alatum Buch. Ham. Except for P. multiflorum Thunb, radix of R. nepalensis Spreng and P. lapathifolium L, the other plants all contained phytol, showed the phytol is not existed in the radix of the polygonaceae plants.Chapter 2 Three bioactivities of seven species of C. morifolium Ramat and thriteen polygonaceae species1. Different extracts were extracted by Soxhlet, the inhibitory activity of alpha-glucosidase was screened by the 96-microplate-based method and compared with acarbose as positive control. When the concentration was 1.5 mg/mL, the results showed that the inhibitory percentage of fifteen in all twenty-one extractions were much higher than that of acarbose (55.63%). During the primary screening, the inhibitory activities of fourteen extractions were higher than that of acarbose (IC50= 1081.27μg/mL). The petroleum ether extract of Baiyudai had the highest inhibitor activity (IC50=92.43μg/mL), and followed by the ethyl acetate extract of Lengyan (IC50=164.99μg/mL) and the petroleum ether of Chunrijianshan (IC50=272.64μg/mL). When the concentration was 1.5 mg/mL, the inhibitory percentage of forty-three in all forty-five extracts were much higher than that of acarbose, and the IC50 value of forty-four extracts were higher than that of acorbose. The methanol extract of P. bistorta L. (IC50=0.99μg/mL) had the highest activity, much less than that of acarbose. The inhibitory activities of various extracts were positively-related with the concentration, indicated the inhibition activity had a dose-dependent. Inhibition kinetics indicated that ethyl acetate extract of aerial parts was the non-competive inhibitory type, and methanolic extract of aerial parts was the mixed-inhibition type.2. The antioxidant activity of seven species of C. morifolium Ramat and twelve genuses of polygonaceae plants was screened the DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. The results showed that the purple species of C. morifolium Ramat (Changhong and Lengyan) had better antioxidant activity, and the scavenging capacity to DPPH radical of the ethyl acetate extract of Lengyan was higher than that of BHT. The antioxidant activities of polygonaceae species were all high. In DPPH assay, the IC50 value of thriteen extracts was less than 10μg/mL, six between 10μg/mL and 20μg/mL, six extracts between 20μg/mL and 50μg/mL. Nineteen extracts had higher activity than that of BHT on scavenging capacity to DPPH radical, and one (the methanol extract of P. bistorta L.) was higher than that of BHA, three approximate to BHA. In ABTS assay, sixteen extracts had IC50 values lower than 10μg/mL, six between 10μg/mL and 20μg/mL, six between 20μg/mL and 70μg/mL. The scavenging capacity to ABTS radical of eleven extracts were above the positive control BHT, and n-butanol extact of P. longisetum De Bruyn was higher than BHA. In FRAP assay, eleven extracts had trolox equivalent higher than 1000μmol TE/g, eight between 500 and 1000μmol TE/g, six between 200 and 500μmol TE/g, one was lower than 200μmol TE/g, six of them were higher than that of BHT.3. Antibacterial activity of seven kinds of C. morifolium Ramat and thriteen species of polygonaceae species were assayed by using Staphylococcus aureus(SA), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) andβ-lactamase positive Staphylococcus aureus(ESBLs-SA) . The result showed that the yellow kinds of C. morifolium Ramat had higher antibacterial activity compared with other colors. The antibacterial activity ingredients were mainly in the petroleum ether extracts and ethyl acetate extracts. Among the polygonaceae species, P. hydroiper L. and P. capitatum Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don had the best antibacterial effects. The ethyl acetate extract of P. capitatum Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don on three subjects bacteria antibacterial effects were very good, its petroleum ether and methanol extracts also showed good anti-bacterial effect of S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus. The ethyl acetate extract of P. hydroiper L. displayed the best antibacterial activity of S. aureus, its petroleum ether extract showed good antibacterial effect agaist S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus too.