Quality Evaluation Of Different Parts From Hemiptelea Davidii And Its Pharmacological Studies

This paper studied on authentic assenssment, determination, chemical compostion, antioxidant, hypoglycemic and antitumor acticity of Hemiptelea davidii.On authenticity of the evaluation, characters were descriped respectively on five different parts(root, stem, thorn, leaves and flower) from H.davidii. Paraffin sections used to make root, stem and thorn of H.davidii into cross-sectional slices, and then corss-section were described and photographed by photomicroscope. Meanwhile, the powders of root, stem, thorn and flower from H.davidii.were described and photographed. These results showed that the lighification of root, stem and thorn were all very high. Root had features as follows:cork layer of thick cells, large catheter, a number of wood fiber, crystal fiber and wood parenchyma cells; The epidermis of stem and thorn had pink cork cells, while the stem had thin-walled cells and ducts and few ducts in thorn. The main characters of flowers were pollen, tubing, secretory ducts, stigma apical cells, etc. In addition, the physical and chemical examination of flavonoids showed that all five parts had flavonoids.On determination, rutin as the standard, after dealing with Al(NO3)3-NaOH-NaNO2, the extracts from five different parts were determined to the content of flavonoids by UV-visible sprctrophotomety. The contents in order (from high to low) were 2.83% in thorn,2.21% in flower,1.86% in leaves,1.44% in sterm and 0.41% in root. So we know, flavonoids were mainly accumulated in the aboveground part of the plant, which explained the leaves and leather were used as medicine in literatures. We also know the flavonoid content in HDF was up to 57.06%. In addition, glucose as the stnandard, polysaccharide content of polysaccharide of H.davidii (HDP) was 18.27% by the anthrone-sulfuric acid method for determinating。On chemistry, the dried stem and thorn were crushed and extracted by petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol in turn. Then petroleum ether extract, chloroform extract, ethyl acetate extract, acetone extract, and methanol extract were obtained. Two compounds,β-sitosterol and friedelin, were isolated from chloroform extract by repeated silica gel column chromatography. The leaves of H.davidii were dried and crushed, then followed by petroleum ether and 80% ethanol for extraction.10-gaidic acid ethyl ester was got from petroleum ether extract by repeated silica gel column chromatography. The concentrated ethanol extract was dealed with mccroporous resin HP-20 column chromatography; five parts were got after the gradient of different concentrations of ethanol. Of these,40% ethanol extract was total flavonoids (HDF). After the poylamide column and sephadex column charomatograohies of this extract, rutin and Quercetin-3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-[4-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside were isolated.On pharmacological action, we studied antioxidant, hypoglycemic and anti-tumor activities of extracts from H.davidii.On antioxidant, the antioxidant activity of HDF and HDP were determined by clearing three kinds of free radicals (·DPPH,·OH and·O2). The results showed that HDF and HDP all had good antioxidant, and showed the dose-effect in direct proportion. In clearing·DPPH and·OH free radicals, HDF with all concentrations had high scavenging activity. When HDF was up to concentration of 100μg/mL, it had good scavenging ability (respectively 89% and 66%), and also were slightly higher than the positive drug BHT (respectively 87% and 64%). While the scavenging ability of HDP was relatively weak (the scavenging was 67%). However, in clearing·O2- free radical, HDP with all concentrations had high scavenging activity, and was superior to HDF. When HDP was up to concentration of 100μg/mL, its scavenging ability was 34% and higher than the positive drug BHT (31%). While scavenging ability of HDF was weak (23%)。On hypoglycemic, we used alloxan-induced diabetic model mice as tagret, and then to detect the status of blood glucose on the mice of HDF and HDP, to observe the change of the weight, water intake, food intake of mice and change in the corresponding organ indexes. All results showed that HDF and HDP had not obvious hypoglycemic effect.On anti-tumor, tumor inhibitory effects of HDF and water extract of H.davidii (HDW) on the growth of H22 tumor bearing mice were detected. The results showed that, HDF and HDW significantly inhibited on the growth of tumor. HDF showed a dose-response relationship in a direct proportion, while HDW was opposite, because the dose increased and inhibiton rate decreased. HDF(1000 mg/kg)showed the best inhibition rate(68.9%), which was very relatively close to the inhibition rate of positive drug crclophosphamide (79.3%). Then HDW (500 mg/kg) showed the second inhibition effect, which inhibition rate was 50.7%. Compared with the negative control group, HDF and HDW goups showed the thymus index of mice were increased, and dose-effect directly proportional relationship. But high dose group had high spleen index, while low dose group had lower spleen index (comparing with the negative control group). WBC and PLT changes in the number showed that HDF (1000 mg/kg) could significantly reduce the two content, and those content were close to the positive group's. HDW (500 mg/kg) could significantly reduce the content of PLT, but little effect on the WBC. The change of blood tumor necrosis factor (TNF) content showed that ccould significantly increased TNF level in blood in mice, but low concentratin showed no effect on it. This showed HDF could inhibit tumor growth when up to certain concentration. HDW (500 mg/kg) also could increase TNF level in blood of mice, but was not obvious as HDF (1000 mg/kg).