The Relationships Between Parents' Parenting Style Gender Role Expectations To The Next Generation And Primary School Students' Gender Identity

This study aimed to explore the relationship between parenting styles, gender role expectations and primary school students'gender identity, results can make the parents understand how their parenting style and gender expectations to the next generation infect on gender identity of the children's development.Study of gender role expectations by self-composed questionnaire to investigate status of child's parents'gender expectations to the next generation; Amendment Zucker's questionnaires for the children's to self- evaluation; investigate parents' parenting style by questionnaires《parenting style questionnaires》composed by Yang Liuzhou etc.Then investigate parents'parenting style in rearing on their children's education and daily behavior, then analyzes parenting style, gender role expectations to the next generation and children's gender identity and the relationship between them.1,Self-composed questionnaires《parents' gender role expectation to the next generation》have good reliability and validity, male gender role expectation questionnaire including 65 questions, six factors; female gender role expectation questionnaire included 66 questions,7 factors; Delete question 15 on the basis of the questionnaire of Zucker's Question 15 when amendment questionnaires of the "Children's gender identity questionnaire", the final questionnaires included 15 questions, three factors, "Children's Gender Identity Questionnaires" have good reliability and validity.2,Nowadays, parents' gender role expectations to the next generation tend to be androgynous, more complex expectations to girls. For girls increased expectations of some qualities of men, they hope girls have the quality of force besides traditional traits of women.3,Educational level of parents infect gender role expectations.Scores are significantly different on masculinity, femininity, competence by their educational level.4,Result shows that parents in the investigation are mainly using democratic way in rearing children, other education methods in subordinate positions5,The study found that different parenting styles are different by children' grades, the details are as follows:on the democratic factor, parents of grade 1 and grade 6 scored significantly lower than grade 3, on permissive factor, parents of grade 1 scored higher than parents of grade 5 and grade 6; parents of grade 2,3 and 4 scored higher than parents of grade 5. 6,Primary school children scored differently by their sex, grades and families (complete or not) the difference.7,Democratic parenting styles and children's sexual behavior is related to laissez-faire approach of education, inconsistency rearing girls and boys stereotyped negatively correlated, spoiled and inconsistency scores and child rearing patterns of gender identity scores were positively related to inconsistency and gender identity in the gender behavior of children was a significant positive correlation.8,Male gender and the boys looking out of girls, gender identity, stereotypes of the questionnaire scores were significantly correlated; men and boys pleasant rigidity scores are related to the quality of men and boys of negative stereotypes negatively correlated boys and girls sex boys and girls agree that stereotype out of positive correlation.; Female gender role expectations of women and children, the negative quality stereotypes of gender identity in girls, a significant positive correlation with the girls, the questionnaire score, girls and boys stereotypes, gender behavior scores were significantly negatively correlated.