Psychological Foundation Of The Individual Behavioural Reflex Faced With Calamities And Its Educational Countermeasures

This paper deals with, on the basis of the theories and practice of sociology, psychology and education, the foundation of psychological behaviour and educational countermeasures of individuals for calamitous shocks. Calamities and their contributing factors are mainly discussed in the first part of this paper, in which the occurrence of natural calamities are thought to be pure natural things, but along with social development and the increase of economic vulnerability, the man-made factors contribute more to the occurrence of natural calamities, especially the hannfulness and shocks brought about by calamities are particularly originated from the social vulnerability and individual抯 unsuitable psychological behavioural reflex in front of the occurrence of calamities. In the early stages of human society, most of the natural calamities were caused by pure natural factors, the naturalness of which are very fully clear. Due to the expansion of the fields of human activities, increase of the depth of practice, and especially the development of science and technology, the causes of natural calamities are getting more complicated with the characteristics of both naturalness and artificiality. And the calamities caused by man-made factors and the calamities affected by man-made factors are tending to be more and more. Under the effect of the factors of the causes of calamities, the process of calamities are not completely a gradual natuial process with the calamities as their main body, they are also a social process for ridding calamities with human beings and society as their main body. This pape attempts to have a study of the individual behavioural reaction to K calamities. These reactions, which fall into 8 categories, such as 揋eneral Calamity-Escaping Behaviour? are greatly different and regular. The social factors affecting the reactions are mainly social interdynamics, social norms and social relationship, etc. This paper mainly analyses the psychological foundation of the individual behavioural reaction to calamities. People as individuals have all kinds of reactions to the occurrence of calamities. This behavioural reaction is based on psychological reaction, therefore, there should be mutually relationship between behavioural reaction and psychological reaction to calamities. The psychological reaction is a kind of typical psychological emergency reaction. And the psychological emergency reaction is also closely related with personal character, so an individual抯 personal character, calamity experience, ability of emergency reaction and the mastery level of the know-how for reducing natural calamities are all the important factors affecting individual psychological and behavioural reaction to calamities. This paper presents educational countermeasures of dealing with individual psychological bebavoural reflex faced with calamity. It analyses in details the relation between vulnerability and education of calamities, the relation between calamity education and calamity culture construction, and some thoughts for developing calamity education, including the urgency and importance, main contents and req~iirements and methods of the education of calamity.