| Localization has been one of the most heatedly discussed issues in many countries. It has also become one of the most concerned one in China. The term localization appeared early in the May 4th Movement (1919) when modernization was also firstly used as a term. For a long time, research on localization has mainly concerned with humane and social studies that are heavily loaded with distinctive local characteristics while localization of natural science has been less discussed. As a result, more attention has been currently paid to it.Exploring the development of science in China on the basis of the study on Science, one of the most influential magazines of the period of the Republic of China (1912-1949), the paper states the introduction of western sciences to China is a must phase for the development of sciences due to the underdevelopment of local sciences and technologies at that time. However it is not enough only to import western sciences and technologies as a whole in a way of borrowing, we must go deep into it and discover its inner creativity as a driving force in the history of western science. Only in this way may the scientific knowledge be used in local society, be naturally embedded with local culture and gradually become an active driving force of local culture.The scientists realized this and they carried out their scientific research under the guidance of the spirit of localization as they introduced western sciences to China. The Science Society of China was an earliest established and scientific organization covering multiple scientific fields. It covered the longest period of time during the period of the Republic of China (1912-1949). Science, a learned publication of the Science Society of China, recorded the history of science localization of the period.The paper is divided into three chapters. Chapter One discusses the aim and policy of the journal and presents the importance of science localization to China's development of science. In Chapter Two, the paper focuses on the changes of the aim and its content in the journal Science and introduces an overall review of process of science localization. The journal is considered as a historical record of the development of science localization. Chapter Three is at the very core of the paper that discusses the scientists' efforts to implement the localization.According to Science, localization was carried out in three aspects: localization of scientific knowledge, localization of scientific system and localization of scientific culture. Realizing this, the author divides Chapter Three into three sections. Localization of scientific knowledge refers to examination of scientific terms, localization of scientific publications, advocating of localization of native research, analysis of social phenomena and settlement of social problems. Localization of scientific system refers to the establishment of a system in accordance with the needs of China's scientific development. The system reflects unique behaviorism of these scientists and the way they were organized. Localization of scientific culture refers to the scientific culture blended with Chinese traditional culture, the process in which the two compromise after their unavoidable sharp conflicts.Although it is hard to evaluate precisely and comprehensively the great work of the scientists who devoted themselves to localization, it is clear that China's natural science developed considerably, especially in biology, farming and forestry, geology and other subjects. The system of science had also been built. Scientific ideas widely accepted by the people, the Chinese traditional culture was gradually on its way to modern scientific culture.
|
PDF Full Text Request