The Way To Freedom

This thesis aims at discussing Sartre's probe progress from perceptual phenomenology to aesthetic politics, lays particular emphasis on his aesthetic politics practice. The domestic researchers mainly concentrated on analyzing his masterpiece and aesthetic discussion of his art in his earlier stage. The aesthetic thought of Sartre's philosophy and politics that has been ignored by researchers all the time. Through dissecting several important philosophy and political criticism works of Sartre, I think , < Critique of Dialectical Reason >and a large amount of political criticism are the important reference which our research can't be avoided while studying his aesthetic question . The aesthetics of other western Marxists mainly concentrated on discussing literature theory, the particularity of Sartre's aesthetics displays in his aesthetic philosophy and political activity. His philosophy, politics and aesthetics are dense and integral. The thesis divides into four parts:First part is the introduction. We have expounded the basically aim of writing this paper. Under the modernity linguistic context, aesthetics appears as the word about the body. On one hand it concerns art, becomes the so-called artistic philosophy, on the other hand, it points to politics. This kind of relation among aesthetics, philosophy and politics is the foundation by which we understand aesthetics integrality of Sartre. At the same time we find "freedom" impenetrate Sartre's aesthetics, Sartre's aesthetics is just the way which he explored freedom. If we want to understand Sartre's aesthetics, only understand his philosophy is not enough, we must understand his poetical politics. The latter is exactly the main reason he was called "human conscience of the 20th century".Second part we will try to clear Sartre's philosophy. We put forward "perceptual phenomenology" and "aesthetic historical philosophy" to summarize earlier and later stage of Sartre's philosophy. Analyzing concepts such as "emotion", "being", "nothingness" and "freedom", we discussed emphatically theaesthetic kernel hiding in his so-called phenomenological existentialism. Then we discussed back-end philosophy of Sartre .We think, his efforts of concept socializing failed in the end. Certainly, we have also noticed the change of the free view in Sartre and its embodiment in the artistic works too.The third part is emphasis of this thesis. We mainly expounded the history of poetical politics. First of all, we have discussed the reason why Sartre participated in politics. We put forward the concept: "poetical politician ". Secondly, we have analyzed several representative treatises of Sartre in detail, and we reviewed the course of his poetical politics. This is the history he practices his "intervention" attitude, the history he struggles for freedom. It's also the history he adjusted his philosophy idea while facing various of challenges. Summarize finally, we think aesthetic politics of Sartre is failed. It's determined by his aesthetic philosophy and poetry.The fourth part is a summary. At first we discussed Western Marxists' common questions: turning to philosophy, retreating into aesthetics, political fantasy. Sartre has the questions too, but his particularity just exists in the political practice. Although poetical politician is destined to fail, but his efforts for liberate is immortal. Finally it is a summary about the aesthetics question. From aesthetic philosophy to aesthetic politics, Sartre jumps from a limitation to another limitation in fact. Sartre didn't solve his problem: freedom. But it was exactly aesthetics that made his thought full of dynamic, full of contradiction. His philosophical exploration, literary creation and political activity, including aesthetic kernel, structured his way to freedom, witnessed his great achievement and equally great failure.