Arguments Between Kuomintang And Communist Party Of China On Local Regime During The Period Of The Chongqing Negotiation

After the anti-Japan war, in the Chongqing Negotiation held by Kuomintang(KMT) and Communist Party of China(CPC), the problem concerning local regime, especially the regime in the liberated area has become a spotlight. KMT yearned for eliminating the regime of the liberated area governed by CPC, so as to realize its autarchy, while CPC tried to retain the independence and integrity of its regime. This paper focuses on the arguments about local regime between KMT and CPC during the negotiation, followed by their intrinsic nature. Apart from preface and conclusion, this paper includes three sections.Section 1, introduce the situation of local regime in China during Chongqing Negotiation, including local regime in the area governed by KMT, local regime in the liberated area and the northeast regime contest for by the two parties.The area governed by KMT refers to the area under KMT's control, not including the defeated area and the liberated area. As to the construction of the local regime, KMT inplemented a series of measures, including new country system, Baojia system and different levels of offices which value the public opinions. However, these measures are just some artifices employed by KMT for strengthening its governance over its grass-roots regime, in the name of local self-government. KMT reinforced its infiltration and governance over the local regime by consolidating its grass-roots or ganizations, nourishing a regime controlled by the local force. In the local administration, from the chief of Baojia to governor, most positions were occupied by army personnel. Until the end of the anti-Japan war, the area governed by KMT was still a top-to-down autarchy regime.Compared with the area governed by KMT, the democratic regime in the liberated area possessed an extensive foundation, united, advocated and organized all the anti-Japan strengths to the largest extent. The regime implemented council system on the basis of public election and developed people's abilities to govern and decided by themselves, creating a good precondition for the liberated area to realize its self-government. In the regime organization, 33 system was adopted to ensure extensiveness of the democratic regime to render sufficient right to the other anti-Japan parties as well as the representatives from different levels.After the anti-Japan war, owing to its vital strategic location, the northeast area becomed a spotlight contest for by the two parties. Following the guideline of developing toward the north defending toward the south, CPC armies turned out in arrays. Till November,1945, they have founded 15 provincial and municipal governments such as Liaoning, Rehe, Shengyang, Changchun, etc, 30 sanjak and confederated governments, 200 country and banner governments. These local regimes ,launched by CPC according to the principle of democratic self-government, belonged to the local democratic government. As to KMT, untill the middle period of november, 1945, before failing to receive the northeast, it basically were kept outside this area, besides a few occupations over Changchun and Harbin. Therefore, during the period of Chongqing Negotiation, CPC took obvious superiority in its contest for the northeast.Section 2, state specifically the arguments of KMT and CPC on the problem of the local regime in Chongqing Negotiation. Here, the 43-day Chongqing Negotiation was divided into three phases in sequence of time.Phase one exchanging opinions,the two parties respectively brought forward its main point and principles. KMT advocated the unite of political order and army order and required that CPC must give up the regime in the liberated area. CPC put forward specific measures to solve the problem of the liberated area regime.Phase two negotiating about the details. In the nine rounds of talks, concerning the regime in the liberated area, CPC initially suggested that KMT government nominate communists chairmen of the five provinces including Rehe, Cha Haer, vice-chairmen of six provinces including Suiyuan, Henan, vice-mayors of Bei...