A Study Of Xu Shi-chang And The Transformation Of Late Qing In The Northeast

During his two year's administration as the Northeast Satrap, Xu Shi-chang gradually threw his body in the New Movement at the transformation process. He was the first one to conduct the reform of administrative system in the Qing Dynasty, which resulted in a new system of province characteristic of bourgeois management. Furthermore, he cultivated new officials and improved their salary, which improved political systems. He established judicial departments and procurator organs of different levels. More typically, he built a model jail of Feng-tian province and trained criminals. Thus judicial systems were enhanced. He practiced the developing economic measures. He endeavored to build schools and promoted the development of the modern style education, which a cultural foundation was laid for a turn form traditional to modern society. He united the systems of arm and trained new armed forces, which enforced the defense of the Northeast. However, his reform was confronted with many difficulties in practice due to poor finance and social instability.