The Analysis And Evaluation On Althusser's Theory About "Marxism Was Theoretical Antihumanism"

Althusser was an important philosopher in the history of Marxism during the 20th century. He gave a severe criticism to the Humanist Marxism, which predominated in French Communist Party and the International Communist Program. He used the structuralism which popular in France to reinterpret the theory of Marx. He put forward the theory of "Marxism was theoretically antihumanistic" in order to "defend Marxism".Althusser considered to seeing about the development of Marx's thought, it was to reveal the conversion of non-conscious thinking "problematic" in the development process of Marx's thought. He affirmed the development of Marx's thought had two phases, ideological and scientific. The turning point of those two phases was "epistemological rupture". Marx's thought was "theoretically humaniatic" before the rupture, and "theoretically antihumaniatic" after the rupture. In the theory of Althusser, the relationship between the Marxism and the humanism was that humanism as a world view opposed Marxism on the one hand, the Humanist Marxism was softening and threat to the Marxism.On the other hand humanism as the need to establish ethical norms must found on Marxist philosophy and by which formed the theory of Marxist ideology.Althusser refuted Humanistic Marxism which defended the Marxism in a way. Although there were some errors or deficiencies in his theory, it still has a strong influence in the contemporary era. We use Marxism to analyze this theory and draw some useful apocalypse. It has great significance to us to understand and stick to Marxism.