Research On Some Sentence Patterns In Zhuang Zi (《庄子》)

With the basic language material of Zhuang Zi ,this paper has investigated and studied some sentence patterns in ancient Chinese, exposed their structure characteristics or features, and attempted to interpret some of these sentence patterns with the application of modern linguistic theories, hoping that this research will do some help to a better and accurate interpretation of these sentence patterns.The rhetorical question pattern with the shu(孰)as adverbial has been wrongly interpreted as wh-question frequently. So we have analysed to summarize two features of these sentences in Zhuang Zi. In form, a subject can be added to these sentences and their declarative themes are clear and certain. In semantic content, the rhetorical question focuses on manners and conditions rather than declarative themes.The sentence pattern whose object(or a part of it) is taken by a clause has two characteristics. On the one hand, the verbs which can have a clause as its object are fewer; on the other hand, there are some sentences of this kind that have already more complicated so that the meanings of the sentences are more precise.According to Universal Grammar's Binding Theory and the referential rules of personal pronoun in simple sentence put forward by scholars of our country and based on the distinguishing criteria in which grammatical significance and grammatical form have been combined, we have investigated and analyzed the"Verb+zhi(之)+Noun"sentence pattern in Zhuang Zi and believe that zhi(之)isn't equal to qi(其)in Chinese used before Qin Dynasty.In the"Verb+yu(於)+Noun(patients)"sentence pattern,yu(於)always appeares with bivalent verbs and takes the role of emphasizing the verb. In the"Verb+yu(於)+Noun(participants)"sentence pattern,yu(於)often appears with trivalent verbs and only when the trivalent verb is in front of a participant can a preposition be used . In this special sentence pattern, yu(於)takes the part of emphasizing the participant and makes the sentence more formal, sobriety and concrete.