The Inspection And Analysis Of Modern Chinese Ordinal Number

In this paper, we inspect tow kinds of ordinal number. One is marked with"第/初/老"in the front of the numeral , we call this marked ordinal number, and another uses the numeral to indicate the ordinal number directly ,we call it unmarked ordinal number. Unmarked ordinal number has the same figure with the cardinal number. The Chinese will not feel puzzled on when to use unmarked ordinal number, but, foreign students are often confused with it. So, they often avoid to use the unmarked ordinal number. In this paper, we hope to find out the rules and reasons that why unmarked ordinal number can indicate the order through the in-depth inspection of the syntax and semantics of ordinal number, especially of the unmarked ordinal number, and provide some useful reference to the subject of Teaching Chinese as a foreign language.This paper is divided into four parts. In the first part, we has summarized the predecessor's research to the ordinal number first, then established the research object and the goal of this paper. In the second part, we have inspected the marked ordinal number, and analyzed the different syntax characteristics of the marked ordinal number when it indicate the order . In the third part, we have inspected the add-on ingredient of the marked ordinal number structure from the semantic angle. Through the analysis, we have discovered that, the add-on ingredient of the marked ordinal number all have [ + order ] semantic characteristic. This characteristic is related to the noun greatly. When the add-on ingredient is a noun, [ + order ] semantic characteristic is most obvious, the tendency of indicating ordinal number is most obvious, and the possibility of making confusion between cardinal number and ordinal number is smallest. When the add-on ingredient is a classifier, according to the relationship between classifier and noun in semantic, the [ + order ] semantic characteristic performance degree is different. Some classifiers have retained most noun semantic connotation. Their [ + order ] semantic characteristic are very obvious, the frequency of indicating the ordinal number is very high, and the ambiguity between cardinal number and ordinal number is few, such as"班,组,队,等,流,级,品,类,号,路"and so on. More few the semantic relation between classifier and the noun is, more strong the classifier's function of indicating the quantity is , and more low the classifier's frequency of indicating ordinal number is, so the[ + order ] semantic characteristic is not more obvious, such as"册,课,卷,节,页,版,栋,排,层,届,套,次,茬"and so on. When the quantity-classifier structure which includes these classifiers indicate ordinal number, then must satisfy two conditions, one is that the classifier must match the noun fixed, two is that this noun also must have the semantic characteristic of [ + order ] .