The Religious Research Of Bureaucracy In Later Han Dynasty

The dissertation consists of fourteen chapters. From the first chapter to the thirteen chapter is the bureaucracy analysis of every division. The fourteenth chapter discusses the influence to society made by religious bureaucracy in Later Han dynasty.The dissertation puts emphasis to the analysis of officials situation in every county.The first chapter: Si Li. Falling behind the Han dynasty, the heart of the economy has been replaced by GuanZhong area in Later Han dynasty. One of the social classes on which LiuXiu relays to build the country concentrates on SiLi, so there are more officials in GuangWu's reign. The power monopoly by Dou's clan effects the officials' quantity in Zhang&He emperors' reign. Although the capital has been moved to LuoYang in Later Han, the culture in San Fu is still flourishing. The most developed area concentrates in Fu Feng, Jing Zhao county and so on. Han government migrates people to the area and builds these counties. These clans are rich and powerful, many of which get into the rule group in later period of Han dynasty. After Later Han dynasty is founded, many members of these clans become members of rule group. Besides San Fu area, the development of eunuch force in Huan&Lin emperors' reign can. be found from the constitution of Henan's officials. After An&Shun emperors' reign, the member of officials decline because of two Qiang tribe's revolts.The second chapter: Yu Zhou. YingChuan group join the army when LiuXiu quarters his army in YingChuan, which is the most important base of the dynasty. Besides GuangWu, the other peak appears in Huan&Lin dynasty: there are 7 officials in RuNan and Yingchuan area, which occupies one percent five of core person in DangGu persons. The situation connects with not only the culture feature, but also the political situation. Meanwhile, culture center moves to Nan Yang, YingChuan,RuNan area which are nearby the political center. The area is in lead in culture.The third chapter: Ji Zhou. Hebei group is the power on which LiuXiu relays to manage Hebei. This group consists of past officials in Hebei and local clans. Due to the decling economy, the mumber of officials comes down. The eunuch and Dang persons are the important parts in Huan emperor's officials. In Wei county and JuLu county, the officials concentrates in GenChun's clan and FengQin's clan.The fourth chapter: Yan Zhou. In early days of Later Han dynasty, officials in this area decline highly. In middle days, it rises again. Generally, there are less officials in this area than Han dynasty. But officials in Chenliu are dense. With advanced agriculture,trade and geography place, there is more officials in this area than in other areas. Another peak appears in Huan&Lin dynasty, which is in close relation with political struggle.The fifth chapter: Xu Zhou Officials in LangYa and XiaPi are in lead. Alough Confucian learning declines, this area is still the important culture area in the country. Officials are dense in the area, especially the Fu's clan. XiaPi's officials are consisted by some aristocratic families. The most important family is ChenQiu's clan.The sixth chapter: Qing Zhou. Compared with Han dynasty, officials in this area declines highly. Obviously, BeiHai county is in lead with great masters. The war destroies economy and culture while the area is advanced in culture in Han dynasty. So the advanced position falls largely. But it is still advanced in culture due to the tradition. The seventh chapter: Jing Zhou. Officials in NanYang are on top, so the economy in the area is introduced detailed. Alias lieges consist of the key power of LiuXiu's group. Most of them are NanYang county's religious clans and make great contribution to the foundation. In later period, the number of officials declines. It is because the lieges are educated that they can keep up with the era and give up the force.The eighth chapter: Yang Zhou. The economy has made great development. The production of agriculture prompts. The popularity of iron tool and cattle plough make plantation area larger. KuaiJi county generates senior officials in Later Han dynasty. The county has long long history. In early period of Later Han dynasty, officials in south area increase obviously. In one hand, the northern officials migrate to Changjiang area in avoiding the war. In the other hand, the popularity in cluture of Jiangnan is an important reason.The ninth chapter: Yi Zhou. Similar with the KuaiJi county, officials in the area exceed obviously. Officials arise after An emperor and decline in Huan&Lin period. Talents appeare in GuangHan&JianWei county, which relates with their locations.The tenth chapter: Liang Zhou. Before the middle period, Liang's clan is the most important power in AnDing county. But the other clans arise because of the war in An emperor. HuangPugui, ZhangYang, DuanYing are outstanding in the war against the Qiang nation. The culture in the area obviously prompts.The eleventh chapter: Bing Zhou. After the foundation of the country, same with the other area, BingZhou arises in population and development in economy. But two wars against the XiongNu nation influence the speed of its recovery. Officials in the area distribute ShangDang&TaiYuan county.The twelveth chapter: You Zhou. When LiuXiu manages HeBei, some people join the army and become senior officials. In middle period, officials in the area decline due to the lagging economy and culture while in later stage officials prompt.The thirteenth chapter: Jiao Zhou. Though there is no officials' record in history, the social develops. Comparing with Han dynasty, population rises. Still the culture advances obviously: a batch of educated religious officials push the feudal education and some talents appear.The fourteenth chapter: The influence of officials distribution in Later Han dynasty is displayed in society and politics. Two problems are discussed: peasant uprising in later period of Later Han dynasty and the separatist regimes soldiers set up by force of arm.