Studies On Chinese "Xingkui" Modality Adverbs

All sorts of"xingkui"modality adverb express lucky, happy, and grateful modal to avoid unlucky things, including"kui""xing""xingkui""xinger""xinghao""xingxi""duokui""kuide""haozai""dekui"and so on. These modality adverbs exist subtle differences in syntax, semantic and pragmatic aspects. The thesis will analyze these subtle differences in detail, divided into six parts, including four aspects below.1.In the syntax distribution, these modality adverbs are usually placed in front of subject, seldom behind it, while"xingxi""xing""duokui""dekui"have no these usages."xingkui""haozai""duokui""kuide"can be used with nouns which can be used as predictive. However,"xinghao""xinger""xingxi""xing""dekui"can be not. Behind"xinghao""xinger""haozai""dekui"there is modal pause or modal particles, while"xingkui""xingxi""xing""duokui""kuide""kui"have no these usages.2.In the semantic aspect, modality adverbs are not a group of words with the same meaning. Semantic degree has strong and weak difference. So we can rank these words according to their semantic degree. (weak) haozai——kui, xinghao, xinger, duokui, xing——kuide, dekui——xingkui (strong)3.In the pragmatic aspect, beneficiary of these modality adverbs successively refers to theme, addresser and addressee, according with the empathy of theme grade and speech action.4.From the historical origin,"xingku""xinghao""xingxi""duokui"are from phrases to disyllabic words."xinger""haozai"belong to a word from cross-level structure to disyllabic words. Finally, I discuss the condition of these modality adverbs lexicalization.