Searching The Ecological Environment And Public Utility Of The Capital Of Shang Dynasty

The spring of ancient cities is one of the important symbols which the civilization origins. This article ,synthesizing the literature material and the archaeology material, and utilizing the utilization ethnology, the sociology, the ancient writing study, the demography, the geography, the ecology, the architecture, the hydraulic engineering and so on, has carried on the analysis to the ecological environment and public utility of the capital of Shang Dynasty. Owing to representing the highest productive forces level and civilization degree of development at that time, the capital of Shang Dynasty can reflect well the scenes and characters of the human life at the beginning of Chinese civilization origins.This article includes four sections. The first section is an introduction of the subject, significance, methods of the study and the achievements of predecessors, on which my topic is based. In the second section, the author analyzes the ecological environment of the capital of Shang Dynasty, including the geographical environment, climatic conditions, soil and biological conditions, as well as hydrology conditions. In the third section, the author discusses the public facilities and functions of the capital of Shang Dynasty, such as the garbage disposal system, facilities of supplying water and pipelines of discharging pollution, the spatial layout and hygienic conditions. At last, the author sums up the main points of this dissertation in the final section.Through a comprehensive analysis, the author considers Chinese ancient cities were usually constructed under the willing of ruling class. The public facility, which symbolized the royal power, occupied in the cities'core position. However, some city facilities played objectively a positive role in people's living conditions, and meet the need of ecological enviroment at that time.