Cheng Dequan And The Modernization Reform In Heilongjiang Area (1904-1908)

In the Qing Dynasty, started of the seventh year of KangXi Emperor(1668 years), in order to protect"the origin place of the emperor", the Qing government adopted stern control policy in the northeast region, especially in Heilongjiang and Jilin, this kind of artificial restriction hindered the development of Heilongjiang area seriously, and caused people in this area fewer and fewer, and economy,culture,other trade and business extremely backward. After the Russia invaded in 1900, Heilongjiang area was extremely more broken. From 1904 to 1908 years Cheng Dequan as a officer of administration of Heilongjiang, faced to the severe tendencyhe,he carried out a series of reformation in politics,economy,culture and other fields, these reformation made the Heilongjiang area a beneficial condition in the beginning of early modernization development.First of all, Cheng Dequan carried out the policy of strengthen the border area by immigrants in Heilongjiang. It had not merely consolidated the northern borderland, and also expanded the tillage surface area, and it offered a large amount of fund for Cheng Dequan to put it into carried on new policies in politics,economy,culture and so on.Secondly, Cheng Dequan restructured the organization completely, promoted the person of ability, reformed the system of bannerman, set up the officers who managed the common people. These reformation not only caused the policies were carried on in politics,economy,education and other fields in high-speed, but also abolished the long time dual system of bannerman and commen people tentatively, and made the original army government form make and disintegrate day by day, and lay an important foundation to set up province later on.Moreover, Cheng Dequan set up all sorts of industry and commerce in such aspects as finance,traffic,industry,agriculture and other fields, and made certain effect, and then opened modern beginning of industry and commerce of Heilongjiang area. Finally, for changing the backward educate situation,Cheng Dequan pursued new-style education vigorously, it opened a new way to develop the education of the Heilongjiang area.In a word, the new policies in Heilongjiang were carried out by Cheng Dequan not only accelerated the exploitation, but also started the beginning of the Heilongjiang area in the course of turn modernization, and it has important historical significance.