Study On Xinjiang Urban Places' Development Of The Republic Of China(1912—1949)

The Qing Dynasty was the period which constructed the most castles and which economical development results were the remarkable in the history of Xinjiang. That is to say, the Qing Dynasty had basically estabilished urban places'basic pattern of near modern Xinjiang. In the Qianlong dominating time,many urban places were set whose quantities surpassed 30 before 1884. The republic of China period, Xinjiang had been through four stages:Yang zengxin,Jin shuren,Sheng shicai and Guo mingdang. During 38 years, the Xinjiang urban places'quantities sharp increased which were nearly 4 times of the Qing Dynasty period. The modern municipal administration constructions had begun to start including the cities'road, cities'electric power illumination facilities, cities'environmental sanitation team etc. In 1945, dihuashi estabilished opening a new pattern of city regionalization in Xinjiang. Select urban places of those historical period to be the study object,the main purpose is to clarify historical situation,explore inner links and make the most efforts to provide certain historical references for cities'development of contemporary Xinjiang.Basing on collecting and reorganizing massive data and analyzing the research results of predecessors'foundation, I have discussed quite comprehensive and system about Xinjiang urban places'development situation of the Republic of China period from many aspects and have analyzed the change reasons and summarized its characteristics. The paper's contents divide into four major parts. The first part is to give a brief account of developing and evoluting history of modern XJ urban places'. The second part is to state from aspects; the urban place's region diseribution, the urban places'and the mark ,up trades and up management and construction. The third part is to study the urban place's development and inhabitants'social lives and reflect social conditions from the inhabitants'daily lives, the education and medical services as well as the cultural entertainment. The fourth part is the summary of XJ urban places'development characteristiss from 1912 to 1949.Through the research ,the basic rension of those period XJ urban places'developed slowey lies in XJ's weaker potentiality, the fewer funds the government put to cities's construction ,little total population little urban population,lower average per person's output value,lower per person's income and purchasing power,added the inconvenient transportation.All above factors resulted in the slow developing speed of Xinjiang urban places'and further enlarged the disparities between Xinjiang and inland.In the research techniques, this article main ues traditional historical research techniques and profit from correlation disciplines, including sociology,ethnology, historical geography research techniques. Many precious historical pictures joined,will let the readers ride time shuttle machine and return to those old China before 100 years.I believe this article not only can enrich contents of modern Xinjiang cities'developing research,but also make helpful to let more people understand the modern Xinjiang's history and pay more attention to Xinjiang's development.