The Study Of The Adverb In ChunQiu GongYang Zhuan

It is the cornerstone for the study of Chinese language to focus on one book written in every period of the history of Chinese language .The function word is the important measure of the grammar of Chinese The function word. The study of the function words is the essential part of the ancient Chinese language. ChunQiuGongYangZhuan is the representative document of ancient times. According to the history material, ChunQiu GongYangZhuan is the commentaries on ChunQiu. It was passed on by Gong Yang clan in First Qin, which was written in Han Jin Emperor period. In the filed of systematic learning, the study of parts of speech on GongYang Zhuan is little including the study of function words. The preface of this thesis contains four parts. At first, the definition of the adverb is established and the minor categories of the adverbs are divided. Then according to these, the author selected 51 adverbs and divided them into 10 categories. Summary adverb, Confining adverb, Time adverb, Degree adverb, Model adverb, Similar adverb, Frequency adverb, Accumulating adverb and Negative, Mood adverb. In the second chapter, the author described 51 adverbs with their origin, syntactic position, syntagmatic ability and semantic direction. The characteristic of every category is summarized after the description in which not only the general character of the adverbs in the same category is emphasized, but also the difference is pointed out. In the third chapter, 3 words named Shen, Dai and Ju are described and analyzed carefully with their examples. Based on the detailed explanation, the author draws the conclusion that these there words are not Degree adverb, Mood adverb and Summary adverb in GongYang Zhuan. In the third chapter, from the aspects of the origin, structure form, the number of every adverb using, the frequency and the characteristic in grammar, the character of the adverbs in GongYangZhuan is summarized. In the last chapter, the author compers the adverbs in GongYangZhuan and with the adverbs in inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells, from the aspects of quality, the instance of the carrying on, the development the grammar characteristic and so on, the author finds the general train from the times of inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells to the middle period of ancint times: with the time going by, the form of adverb occurred a great change and a large number of new adverbs appeared. The tendency is obvious that the simple syllable adverbs are developing towards duplicating syllable adverbs. As far as the grammar characteristic, it shows the steady situation correspondingly.About the study approach, the author pays more attention three combinations. One is synchronic description and diachronic comparison. The synchronic description is the base and the diachronic comparison is final aim. The synchronic description is mainly used to affirming the adverbs by comparing the adverbs in GongYang Zhuan and ZhanGuo Ce, HuaiNanZi. The diachronic comparison is mainly used to compare the adverbs in Gong Gong Yang Zhuan and inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells. The second approach is number static and quality anlsis. According to the definition of adverb, the author affirmed every word and their number the third one is description and explanation. On the analysis of every adverb, the thesis not only shows the characteristic of the adverb grammar function, but also try to explain the origin, the forming factors and the process.