Qing Dynasty's Agriculture Development Of Song Hua River Upstream Region Before 1860

Agriculture development research of Song Hua River upstream region is one of important components in the Northeastern economy history research about Qing Dynasty . This paper analyzes the different stages of agriculture development in this region before 1860 and studies the features of different history backgrounds in order to reveal the historical function of various policies and measures (aiming to strengthen the northeastern boundary and the great contribution from Han emigrants to the local agriculture economy development )which were carried out by the Qing Dynasty's governors ,In the preface , the paper introduces the current study situation about Qing Dynasty's agriculture development of Song Hua River upstream region Before 1860 ,analyzes and summarizes those study results and shows the author's study methods. The paper consists of three parts.Firstly ,the paper describes and analyzes the basic policies carried out by Qing government in the northeastern region before 1860 including the policy of summoning farmers to cultivate in the reign of emperors of Sunzhi and Kangxi which encouraged the Han emigrants to cultivate in the northeast China , the policy of blockage which forbad the Han ethnics leaving their hometown for the northeast China in the reign of the emperor of Qian Long and the policy of developing government banner territory and Jing-Banner Reclaimed field.Secondly , the paper describes the agriculture development activities in the region including the arrangement and management of the common territory of Qiren , Jing-Banner Reclaimed field, the establishment of government territory , the traits of production relationship , agriculture manufacturing technology level and the plantation of the crops. Thirdly , the paper describes the effect of agriculture development in this region including handcraft industry development , economic crops'gathering and processing , towns'prosperity and the development of business and the other industries with the development of agriculture.At last , the paper summarizes the agriculture development of this region. A great number of Han emigrants poured into the blockage areas to develop the wasteland, which not only promoted the land development of this region and made greater progress , but also founded for the future economy prosperity of agriculture and the other aspects. The development of agricultural economy propelled the outdated policies which blocked the development of agricultural capacity to decline and finally be abandoned. The development of agriculture in this period laid solid foundation for the region's economy development and its becoming an important business provision base.