| Milan Kundera's works have aroused great attention of focus since they were introduced into china. There is no doubt that the carnivalization is one of the outstanding characteristics in Kundera's novels. However, Kundra's carnivalization differs greatly from that of European traditional literature, as the former shows some variation at post-modern times: the loss of direct nature, gradually internalization and the complication. Based on Kundera's theoretic essays and innovative experiment on novel, this dissertation mainly deals with the variation of Kundera's carnivalization at post-modern times. With the help of cultural poetic critics and narrative critics, the author attempts to analyze the features of the variation in Kundera's carnivalization and the reasons for it according to Kundera's life experiences and historical background information from the viewpoint of carnival spirit, so as to further explore Kundera's thoughts about Bakhtin's carnival spirit and the right way to judge the social, politic and literary influence of carnival spirit.This dissertation is mainly about the variation of Kundera's carnivalization at post-modern times. There are five chapters in total. At the introduction part, the author introduces the literary review about Kundera's novels and presents the research object, topic and method, and the innovative points of this dissertation. At the first chapter, the content and features of the carnival spirit are defined from the historical viewpoint. And the relationship between the carnival spirit and carnival literature is illustrated as well. At the second chapter, the carnival narrative characteristics and the variation in Kundera's novels at post-modern times are illustrated in detail based on the interpretation of Kundera's novels. At the third chapter, the reasons for the variation at post-modern times are deeply explored. The author insists that the persistence of individual principles and the thoughts about carnival spirit are the main reasons for the variation except the historical background and Kundera's own reasons. And the author discusses a lot about the significance and the value of carnival spirit during the process of seeking the reasons. At the conclusion part, the author states personal opinions about the social and historical significance of carnival spirit without considering the context of Kundera's novels.The philosophical core of carnival spirit is its relativity and duality. And its ultimate goal is man's liberation and freedom. Thus, the carnival spirit is subversive and critical. It, to a certain degree, reflects the characteristics of "center discrete" character since twentieth century. Although it has absorbed the rational spirit since human beings' civilization and is regarded as a part of human beings' civilization, it is yet non- rational all the time. On one hand, carnival spirit makes people compromise and unite. On the other hand, the carnival spirit is very non-rational. It is even used by the rational to make people all unconscious and crazy, which is fairly destructive. Neither are the Bakhtin's romantic beliefs nor the Kundera's cynical irony the answer to the problem on carnival spirit. Nevertheless, the problem about how to judge the carnival spirit and how to decrease the negative or destructive factors of it is inevitable. In this way, the research about the variation of carnival spirit at post-modern times becomes significant at post-modern times in particular and for human beings in general. |
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