Research On The Establishment And Effectiveness Of The Yochow Port (1899-1911)

After The Opium War,According to the Treaty,the Ch'ing government was forced to open some port,called Treaty Port. The late 19^th century,because of the stimulation of aggression by foreign powers,the Ch'ing government avoid losing more sovereignties,opened some ports.These ports stem from the imperial edict ordered by the emperor personally,generally called the ports opened voluntarily by China.Yochow is the first port which opened voluntarily by the Ch'ing government.Due to continue the loan in UK and Germany,Yochow opened is strategy that Yochow instead of Hsiang-tan,when the Ch'ing government facing the claim of the requirement.The Ch'ing government's attitude on the ports is contradictory,on the one hand,wanted to maintain sovereignty and expanded the funds resource,on the other hand,worried that the trading port "the matter multi-entanglements".This worry reflected the settlement of Yochow port.The settlement on the commercial port of Yohow and its system creation all around "To stretch sovereignty as the first essential meaning".Embodied on setting up the Officials, assigning geographic location,financial issues and engineering construction,the local officials earnest do each matter.Land Lease and Provincial Police Office,reference the chapter of Treaty ports,also has more differences from it, achieve "the ports opened voluntarily".The Taxation system and Administrative system in the Yochow Customs did not have any difference with Treaty ports. Focuses on the relationship between Commissioner and Superintendent,Superintendent's duty and Commissioner' duty. Yochow located in the inland,bordering the Yangtze River,and taking into account Likin,the trade Regulation of Yochow and Inland Steam Navigation Rules of Yochow Custom,the Taxation system of Yochow Custom has a unique character.Yochow implements the system is affecting its business development.My article based on Trade Report,elaborated the development of commerce and trade after opening Yochow.Include the gross values of Goods which imported and exported in Yochow, include tax revenue and disbursement situation.Based on Decennial Report,analyzes the impacts on social and economical of Yochow port,and spy on the effectiveness of the commercial port.Yochow opened voluntarily by Qing Government,showing the China take an important measure which adopts in the foreign policy and economic policy,as the first port which opened voluntarily by the Ch'ing government has great significance. The development of this port did not reach the original intention of the Ch'ing government,the systems in Yochow is Pioneering,and left important experiences to the following opened ports,reveals us that Yochow port left impressive lessons.