Commentary On House Of Lords Constitutional Reform

In the world nation, Great Britain created the most advanced modern parliamentary system . When the other nations took the example of Great Britain, she persisted in keeping House of Lords , the oldest chamber of the world, which has maintained the rights of the hereditary peers to an automatic seat over a long time and not only exercises legislative power but is also the supreme court of the nation .So the House of Lords is the fortified point for the British nobility to perform the political power. Since the establishment, House of Lords, so strongly rooted in British politics, has slowly evolved over centuries in the British political power and has played an important role in British political development.During the monarchical time , they were the social group with cohesion and creativity to combat and compromise with king, they established British parliamentary system. However, the limitation of House of Lords lies in the hereditary system itself. With the development of society , democratic political reform is coming and people are aware that they should have democratic rights to elect their own House of Lords. So it is unavoidable for House of Lords to be in the process of doing something to reform.On the basis of making an analysis of firsthand materials, first of all, this dissertation makes a research from the point of view of the reform of House of Lords by vertical comparing to the history evolution and the changes of legal status. Furthermore the thesis probes into the background, content and development trend of House of Lords reform, and summarizes the course, the features of the content of it. In short, the thesis is aiming at making a systematic, deeper research on House of Lords reform theoretically, which contributes a lot to comparative constitution.Lined with the House of Lords reform, this thesis is divided into five partsPartâ… is a general summary on the House of Lords. In this part, the change of the legislative position of House of Lords in every period is done from the angle of history by introducing the developing history of chamber.Partâ…¡: It focuses on introduction to the functions of House of Lords which can be classified into general functions and distinguished functions ,of which the former can be subdivided into the rights of modification of Bills and assassinating the House of Common legislate and the last mainly includes the Judiciary Power, administrative participating power and restricted power .In the Partâ…¢, it is aiming at making an analysis on the background of House of Lords from the internal and external aspects. From the internal point view, it represents as the collapse of the huge traditional estates and the decline of the political privileges of the nobility. However, the external reasons include the strengthen to the power of House of Common , the rising and going to power of Labor Party and the expansion of Cabinet power . The internal and external factors attribute to the reform of House of Lords.In the Partâ…£, it introduces the preliminary results of the reform of House of Lords and realize the trend of it. In the first session of reform , the Blair government propose to abolish the hereditary peers to achieve the structure reform and remove the law lords from the upper chamber to realize the power reform, which can be seen as the another step of the evolution of the membership of House of Lords and the duty to uphold the judiciary dependency . In the following part, it focuses on the position of House of Lords, therefore the electing method of members of house of lord and the function and authority of itIn the fifth part, it is quite meaningful that the reform on House of Lords arises the constitutional thinking. in the reform ,the claim that the British people was born to be equal and free and two-party system are the engine of House of Lords constitutional reform . From the author's analysis, the reform of House of Lords is featured with Gradualness, compromise and conservation . Furthermore, the enlightenment of the reform is that political reform should be characteristic by nationality, democratic and politics.