The Study Of The First Eisenhower Administration Aid Policy Toward South Asia

During the Cold War, motivated by national security interests, the United States paid attention to the strategy position of South Asia and reinforced its South Asia Aid Policy to contain the development of Communist. Under the guidance of NSC 5409, the United States tried to establish a regional defense organization in South Asia and lobby all South Asian countries to join the U.S. strategic alliance. Along with the establishment of U.S.-Pakistan Military Alliance, the situation of this area was more and more complicated. Because of the dispute with Pakistan, India and Afghanistan gradually alienated the U.S., the Soviet Union took the opportunity to expand its interest in South Asia through a large-scale economic infiltration. Taking this into account, the U.S. increased the size of the aid to this area, took economic and technical assistance as primary, the military and information assistance as supplement to enhance the influence of the U.S. in this area.This dissertation is under the guidance of Materialism, takes the National Interest Principle and Geopolitics Theory as the basic theoretical foundations. By analyzing American declassified documents and archives of the Eisenhower administration, the article tries to open out a panorama of U.S. aid policy towards South Asia Aid Policy of the first Eisenhower administration. This policy is an outcome of American policy to contain Communist bloc by drawing in the South Asian countries as a part of U.S. cold war strategy. This dissertation includes three sections as follows:Section one analyses the cause and background of U.S. aid policy to South Asia, including the international situation and the formation of U.S. foreign aid policy; the circumstances of South Asia during the beginning of the Cold War; NSC98/1 and the U.S. policy toward South Asia of Truman administration.Section two expounds the directive of the South Asia policy—NSC5409 series, including the change of U.S foreign policy during the first Eisenhower administration; SE-32,NIE-79 and the estimate of South Asia; the debut of NSC5409;the implementation of the South Asia Aid Policy of the first Eisenhower administration, including economic assistance, military assistance, information and exchange assistanceSection three summarizes the aid policy of South Asia during this period. Narrates the characteristics and the influence of the policy.