Five Categories Of Tribute Students And Local Society During Qing Dynasty

Five Categories of Tribute Students(五贡),namely wu kung,is collective reference to the "regular path" Tribute Students admitted to the National University: Graduate by Grace(恩贡),Graduate for Preeminence(拔贡),Certified Student Second Class(副贡生),Graduate for Excellence(优贡),and regular Tribute Student(岁贡). This theis is based on more than 1500 copies of tribute papers.The author attempts to combine institutional history with social history,so as to get a full view of tribute system and Five Categories of Tribute Students during Qing Dynasty.It contacts three important parts:ChapterⅠsummarizes the tribute system during Qing Dynasty.It consists of three sections:changing pass of the tribute system;quantity and categories of wu kung during Qing Dynasty;selection and admittance of wu kung into the National University.ChapterⅡexamines upword social mobility and occupational flow of wu kung. It mainly analyzes the two ways for promotion of wu kung,and the relation between the tribute system and Civil Examination system.Besides,it summarizes professions of the greater part of wu kung which could't become officials.In chapterⅢ,the author discusses the relationship of wu kung and local society during Qing Dynasty in the view of social history.Then to take huizhou for instance, surveys the impact of tribute Students in local society.