Development Of Primary School Upper Grade Students' Prosocial Behaviors Questionnaire In Inner Mongolia And The Relationship With Their Self-Esteem

The scholars from home and aboard continuously have expanded children's prosocial behaviors studies since 1970s. Psychologists not only have studied the external factors that influence prosocial behaviors,but also internal factors such as value, personality characters. Although abundant information on prosocial behaviors production mechanism and development tendency have been accumulated ,there is no accordant conclusion about age development tendency and sex differences. There is no reliable measure implement in our country so far. So we must develop a measure implement that has Chinese characteristics, which has positive significance not only for expanding developmental psycholofy and related study areas,but also deeper real significance for building our country harmonious society.Based on the literature analysis, this study proposed definition and structure model of prosocial behaviors. The investigator developed the "Primary School Upper Grade Students' Prosocial Behaviors Questionnaire(PSUGSPBQ)" with interview and questionnaire investigation in nearly 1000 pupils and explored the actuality of prosocial behavior and the relationship with self-esteem. Main results are as follows:(1)Prosocial Behavior is behaviors that people take all sorts of positive and good behaiviors with the purpose of helping others and society in the social communication. This behaviors must be done in the social communication,so it has sociality. The purpose of prosocial behaviors is helping others or beneficial to the society, so it has altruism. At last,everyone produces different behaviors faced same situation owing to individual differences,so it has difference.(2)PSUGSPBQ has 30 items: "altruism behaviors "consists of 8 items, "behaviors abided by rules " has 8 items, "social behaviors" has 8 items, "otherness behaviors" has 6 items. PSUGSPBQ was tested for its measurement character, the internal consistency was 0.937, and the split half reliability and three-week test-retest reliability were 0.882, 0.862 respectively. Dimension analysis showed holistic conception between each dimension and global qustionnaire is consistent well. The CFA(conformitary factory analysis) demonstrated the construct validity of PSUGSPBQ was well good. Criterion samples were tested and criterion validity was up to the standard.(3) The results of the measurement by PSUGSPBQ showed that the level of prosocial behaviors in Inner Mongolia primary school upper grade students were above the average. The level of each dimension of prosocial behaviors from highest to lowest ranged as follows: "behaviors abided by rules"> "social behaviors" > "altruism behaviors" > "otherness behaviors". Significant differences in different gender, grade, parent' education ,race and whether is single child or not were found in prosocial behaviors.(4)The scores of each dimension of PSUGSPBQ and total score were related with their self-esteem in primary school upper grade pupils in Inner Mongolia.